Early detection has led to increased survival for multiple cancers; however, the 5-year survival rate of oral carcinoma (OC) has remained at 40% for the last several decades. Screening for OC is routinely done via visual examinations, followed by tissue biopsy and laboratory testing. Point-of-care testing would be a more convenient and widely available alternative for at-risk individuals. Increased lactate production is a hallmark of many head-and-neck tumors, due to the Warburg Effect, where tumor cells favor glycolysis in the place of oxidative phosphorylation. To detect excess lactate, we have modified the commensal bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 to express fluorescent reporter genes in response to extracellular lactate. Administering this commensal as a mouth wash and subsequently collecting saliva for the detection of the reporter may allow for noninvasive, early detection of cancerous lesions in at-risk individuals. Furthermore, we demonstrate a new on-chip electrokinetic technique to recover these probiotic probes from model saliva fluid to improve the detection of reporter gene activation.

中文翻译：

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模型人唾液中乳酸感应益生菌的片上介电泳回收和检测

早期检测导致多种癌症的存活率提高；然而，在过去的几十年里，口腔癌 (OC) 的 5 年生存率一直保持在 40%。OC 的筛查通常通过目视检查进行，然后进行组织活检和实验室检测。对于高危人群，即时检测将是一种更方便、更广泛可用的替代方法。由于 Warburg 效应，乳酸产生增加是许多头颈肿瘤的标志，其中肿瘤细胞有利于糖酵解而不是氧化磷酸化。为了检测过量的乳酸，我们对共生细菌大肠杆菌进行了改造Nissle 1917 表达荧光报告基因以响应细胞外乳酸。将这种共生菌作为漱口水进行管理，然后收集唾液以检测报告者，可以无创地早期检测高危人群的癌性病变。此外，我们展示了一种新的片上电动技术，可以从模型唾液中回收这些益生菌探针，以改进报告基因激活的检测。