Live streaming has enabled viewers to interact with broadcasters and peer viewers, as well as tip the broadcaster based on their emotional state. While most tips are small, a minority of viewers tip extremely large. To uncover such unique tipping patterns, we draw on the emotion literature and competitive arousal theory to examine how viewers’ emotional extremity affects tipping behavior and how broadcaster's emotional response moderates the baseline effect. This study contributes to the emerging live streaming literature by revealing the differential effects of emotional extremity on tipping amount and frequency and provides practical implications for broadcasters and platforms to steer tipping behavior.

直播使观众能够与广播公司和同行观众互动，并根据他们的情绪状态给广播公司小费。虽然大多数小费都很小，但少数观众的小费非常大。为了揭示这种独特的小费模式，我们利用情绪文献和竞争性唤醒理论来研究观众的情绪极端如何影响小费行为以及广播员的情绪反应如何调节基线效应。这项研究通过揭示情绪极端对小费数量和频率的不同影响，为新兴的直播文学做出了贡献，并为广播公司和平台引导小费行为提供了实际意义。