Since the oil crisis in the 1970s, the importance of rechargeable batteries has been noted by both academia and industry. This has become more prominent with the increasing demand in e-mobility and integration of renewable sources in the energy ecosystem. However, despite the great success of lithium-ion batteries in portable consumer electronics and the above-mentioned domains, it is challenging to further expand their use to large-volume technical applications due to the limited resources of some key elements (lithium, cobalt, etc.). Accordingly, emerging mono-valent (e.g., sodium and potassium) and multi-valent (magnesium, calcium, zinc, aluminum, etc.) batteries are expected to overcome the resource limitation and related challenges. Herein, we present the historical development of non-aqueous organic electrolytes and electrode–electrolyte interphases and focus on the similarities and differences between lithium-based batteries and other complementary emerging battery technologies. Special attention is paid to some basic parameters related to solvents and salts, including donor numbers and Eigen values, to better understand the transport behavior in the bulk electrolyte. Moreover, key parameters impacting the features of the electrode–electrolyte interphase are critically analyzed for each battery configuration. Additionally, we discuss the possible strategies to enhance the physical (e.g., transport behavior and mechanical properties) and (electro)chemical properties of electrolytes and interphases, aiming at promoting the development of sustainable and high-performance mono- and multi-valent batteries for practical applications. Particularly, it is scrutinized whether the accumulated facts with respect to lithium can be smoothly transferred to other emerging battery systems or not.

中文翻译：

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从锂到新兴的单价和多价阳离子可充电电池：非水有机电解质和界面观点

自 20 世纪 70 年代的石油危机以来，充电电池的重要性已被学术界和工业界所重视。随着对电动汽车和能源生态系统中可再生能源整合的需求不断增加，这一点变得更加突出。然而，尽管锂离子电池在便携式消费电子产品和上述领域取得了巨大成功，但由于一些关键元素（锂、钴、等）。因此，新兴的单价（例如，钠和钾）和多价（镁、钙、锌、铝等） 。) 电池有望克服资源限制和相关挑战。在此，我们介绍了非水有机电解质和电极-电解质界面的历史发展，并重点介绍了锂基电池与其他互补性新兴电池技术之间的异同。特别注意与溶剂和盐相关的一些基本参数，包括供体数和本征值，以更好地了解散装电解质中的传输行为。此外，针对每种电池配置，对影响电极-电解质界面特征的关键参数进行了严格分析。此外，我们讨论了增强物理（例如，传输行为和机械性能）和电解质和中间相的（电）化学性能，旨在促进可持续和高性能单价和多价电池的开发以用于实际应用。特别是，关于锂的积累事实是否可以顺利转移到其他新兴电池系统，正在受到审查。