This study examined the development of caregiver mind-mindedness-defined as the propensity to see one's child as an agent with an independent mind-across the first 1,000 days of life. At four time-points (i.e., third trimester of pregnancy, 4, 14, and 24 months postpartum), 384 first-time mothers (Mage = 32.55, SD = 3.63 years) and fathers (Mage = 33.96, SD = 4.40 years) gave 5-minute speech samples about their infant that were coded for mind-mindedness (Meins & Fernyhough, 2015). Reflecting the local population, the 192 heterosexual couples were highly educated (84.6% of mothers, 77.1% of fathers had a degree) and ethnically homogenous (92.7% of mothers, 94.8% of fathers identified as White British). Results showed significant variability in mind mindedness within both expectant mothers and expectant fathers, with no mean group difference. Auto-regressive models demonstrated modest positive associations between prenatal and postnatal mind-mindedness. Latent change score models showed gains in mean mind-mindedness over time that, on average, were stronger for mothers than for fathers. For fathers, gains in mind-mindedness were positively associated with having an infant daughter and infant surgency. For mothers, higher socioeconomic status and more equal childcare were associated with greater gains in mind-mindedness across toddlerhood. Within-couple associations were evident for changes in mind-mindedness, but not for initial (prenatal) scores. We apply the relational account of mind-mindedness to frame our discussion of these findings that, by highlighting both developmental stability and change in mind-mindedness, suggest fruitful avenues for future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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新妈妈和爸爸的心态：从怀孕到蹒跚学步的稳定性和不连续性。

这项研究调查了看护者在生命的头 1,000 天中的思想意识的发展——定义为将自己的孩子视为具有独立思想的代理人的倾向。在四个时间点（即妊娠晚期、产后 4、14 和 24 个月），384 名初为人母（Mage = 32.55，SD = 3.63 岁）和父亲（Mage = 33.96，SD = 4.40 岁）给出了关于他们婴儿的 5 分钟语音样本，这些样本被编码为心智（Meins＆Fernyhough，2015）。反映当地人口，192 对异性恋夫妇受过高等教育（84.6% 的母亲，77.1% 的父亲拥有学位）并且种族同质（92.7% 的母亲，94.8% 的父亲被认定为英国白人）。结果显示准妈妈和准爸爸的心理意识存在显着差异，没有平均组差异。自回归模型表明产前和产后思维之间存在适度的正相关关系。潜在变化评分模型显示，随着时间的推移，平均思维意识有所提高，平均而言，母亲比父亲更强。对于父亲来说，思维能力的提高与生女儿和婴儿手术呈正相关。对于母亲来说，更高的社会经济地位和更平等的儿童保育与幼儿期思维能力的提高有关。夫妻间的关联对于思想意识的变化很明显，但对于初始（产前）分数却没有。我们应用思维意识的相关解释来构建我们对这些发现的讨论，通过强调发展稳定性和思维意识的变化，为未来的研究提出了富有成效的途径。