INTRODUCTION Bullying is an increasing concern for education, health, and policy. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period for the development of depressive symptoms and suicidality following exposure to bullying. However, limited research investigating the potential impact of depressive symptoms on the bullying-suicide relationship exists. METHODS Using national data (N = 13,677) from the most recent 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence among adolescents' (school/electronic) bullying victimization, depressive symptoms (sadness; sleep), and suicide ideation as well as their associations including direct and indirect relationships including exploring differences by gender and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Descriptive results indicated an increase in the prevalence of adolescents being bullied (both on school property and electronically), experiencing feelings of sadness, and hopelessness as well as a decrease in getting more than 8 h of sleep between 2017 and 2019. In 2019, over one-third of respondents felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 weeks or more in a row, which stopped them from doing some usual activities. Structural equation modeling indicated that (school/electronic) bullying was directly associated with feelings of sadness/hopelessness and suicide ideation, with sadness mediating the link between bullying and suicide ideation. CONCLUSION Now more than ever, it is critical to promote the collaboration between educators, mental health specialists, policymakers, and researchers to develop and implement evidence-based strategies and approaches to preventing and reducing both bullying victimization and the associated psychological distress and mental health outcomes.

中文翻译：

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青少年的学校和电子欺凌：与悲伤、睡眠和自杀意念的直接和间接关系。

引言 欺凌越来越受到教育、健康和政策的关注。青春期是遭受欺凌后出现抑郁症状和自杀倾向的特别脆弱时期。然而，调查抑郁症状对欺凌-自杀关系的潜在影响的研究有限。方法 使用来自最近的 2019 年青少年风险行为调查的国家数据（N = 13,677），本研究的目的是检查青少年（学校/电子）欺凌受害、抑郁症状（悲伤；睡眠）和自杀意念及其关联，包括直接和间接关系，包括探索性别和种族/族裔的差异。结果 描述性结果表明，在 2017 年至 2019 年期间，青少年被欺负（在学校财产上和电子设备上）、感到悲伤和绝望以及睡眠时间超过 8 小时的比例有所增加。2019 年，超过三分之一的受访者连续两周或更长时间几乎每天都感到悲伤或绝望，这使他们无法进行一些日常活动。结构方程模型表明，（学校/电子）欺凌与悲伤/绝望感和自杀意念直接相关，而悲伤在欺凌和自杀意念之间起到中介作用。结论现在比以往任何时候都更重要的是促进教育工作者、心理健康专家、政策制定者、