Background

Early detection of pathogen-associated diseases are critical for effective treatment. Rapid, specific, sensitive, and cost-effective diagnostic technologies continue to be challenging to develop. The current gold standard for pathogen detection, polymerase chain reaction technology, has limitations such as long operational cycles, high cost, and high technician and instrumentation requirements.

Aim of review

This review examines and highlights the technical advancements of CRISPR-Cas in pathogen detection and provides an outlook for future development, multi-application scenarios, and clinical translation.

Key scientific concepts of review

Approaches enabling clinical detection of pathogen nucleic acids that are highly sensitive, specific, cheap, and portable are necessary. CRISPR-Cas9 specificity in targeting nucleic acids and “collateral cleavage” activity of CRISPR-Cas12/Cas13/Cas14 show significant promise in nucleic acid detection technology. These methods have a high specificity, versatility, and rapid detection cycle. In this paper, CRISPR-Cas-based detection methods are discussed in depth. Although CRISPR-Cas-mediated pathogen diagnostic solutions face challenges, their powerful capabilities will pave the way for ideal diagnostic tools.

中文翻译：

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基于 CRISPR-Cas 的病原体检测技术：回顾、最新进展和未来展望

背景

早期发现病原体相关疾病对于有效治疗至关重要。快速、特异、灵敏且具有成本效益的诊断技术的开发仍然具有挑战性。目前病原体检测的金标准聚合酶链反应技术存在运行周期长、成本高、对技术人员和仪器要求高等局限性。

审查目的

本综述探讨并重点介绍了 CRISPR-Cas 在病原体检测方面的技术进步，并对未来的发展、多应用场景和临床转化提供了展望。

审查的关键科学概念

需要能够实现高度灵敏、特异、廉价和便携的病原体核酸临床检测的方法。CRISPR-Cas9 靶向核酸的特异性和 CRISPR-Cas12/Cas13/Cas14 的“旁路切割”活性在核酸检测技术中显示出巨大的前景。这些方法具有高特异性、通用性和快速的检测周期。本文对基于CRISPR-Cas的检测方法进行了深入讨论。尽管 CRISPR-Cas 介导的病原体诊断解决方案面临挑战，但其强大的功能将为理想的诊断工具铺平道路。