Rational design and fabrication of electrocatalysts from the perspective of mass transfer and electronic structure is highly desirable for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a hierarchical and self-supported electrode comprising Cu nanowires, NiFe nanosheets, and Pt₃Ir alloy nanoparticles (Cu NWs@NiFe-Pt₃Ir) was in situ constructed and established as a highly active and robust electrocatalyst for HER with industrial current densities. Benefiting from the hierarchical structure, abundant active sites, and positive electronic interaction between NiFe and Pt₃Ir, the Cu NWs@NiFe-Pt₃Ir electrode shows extremely low overpotentials of 210 and 239 mV to reach industrial current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm⁻² in 1.0 M KOH solution, respectively. More importantly, Cu NWs@NiFe-Pt₃Ir electrode shows robust durability with a slight increment of 8 mV for the required potential after consecutive tests for 7 days under 500 mA cm⁻². As further revealed by electrochemical and theoretical studies, the reaction kinetics of NiFe is greatly promoted by coupling with Pt₃Ir, and the d-band center energy level of Pt 5d orbital is lowered by Ir atom, which not only facilitates the electron consumption at the electrode/electrolyte interface but also optimizes the energies for H adsorption and H₂ desorption. This work provides valuable insights into the construction of self-supported electrodes with extraordinary activity and durability for industrial applications.

从传质和电子结构的角度合理设计和制造电催化剂对于析氢反应（HER）是非常可取的。_{在此，本文原位构建了一种包含Cu纳米线、NiFe纳米片和Pt 3} Ir合金纳米粒子（Cu NWs@NiFe-Pt ₃ Ir）的分层自支撑电极，并被确立为具有工业电流的高活性和稳健的HER电催化剂。密度。受益于 NiFe 和 Pt ₃ Ir 之间的分级结构、丰富的活性位点和正电子相互作用，Cu NWs@NiFe-Pt ₃ Ir 电极显示出 210 和 239 mV 的极低过电位， 达到 500 和 1000  mA的工业电流密度 cm ^-2分别在 1.0  M KOH 溶液中。更重要的是，Cu NWs@NiFe-Pt ₃ Ir 电极在 500 mA cm ^-2 下连续测试 7 天后显示出稳健的耐用性，所需电位略有增加 8 mV 。_{电化学和理论研究进一步揭示，NiFe与Pt 3} Ir的耦合大大促进了NiFe的反应动力学， Ir原子降低了Pt 5 d轨道的d带中心能级，这不仅有利于电子消耗在电极/电解质界面，但也优化了 H 吸附和 H _2的能量  解吸。这项工作为工业应用中具有非凡活性和耐用性的自支撑电极的构造提供了宝贵的见解。