The concept of a ‘vertical ambush corridor’ is herein introduced to marine ecosystem science. In the open ocean, adequate physical cover from which to launch an unanticipated ambush attack is generally lacking. An available alternative is for a predator to channel its attack vertically upward from below, rendering an unlighted approaching predator extremely difficult for a downward viewing potential prey to visually identify against the profound blackness of the deep ocean background. Moreover, within sub-mesoscale structures wherein the ambient water is sinking, slightly warmer water temperatures within the core of the downward motion results in outward refraction of both sound and light waves, producing sound and light shadow patterns that may reduce the capacity of prey organisms to recognize the approach of an upwardly attacking predator. This suggests that presence of such submarine ‘vambush’ structures may enhance trophic transfer efficiency within marine ecosystems, as well as provide perhaps the best available explanation for such predator behaviours as the evident strong attraction to drifting flotsam and floating fish aggregation devices (FADs), as well as the repeated large amplitude ‘bounce dives’ undertaken by a large number of dominant oceanic predatory fish species. The oxygen constraints faced by water-breathing organisms are posed as controlling factors in the potential ecological operation of these vambush structures, that in turn may have potential vulnerability to the growing global problem of ocean deoxygenation. Increased identifiable habitat granularity represented by such sub-mesoscale features may have important utility in supporting empirical studies and applications of the comparative scientific method.

中文翻译：

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垂直埋伏走廊：嵌入海洋生物资源生产系统动力学流体结构中的有趣多机制生态结构

垂直埋伏走廊的概念' 在此介绍海洋生态系统科学。在开阔的海洋中，通常缺乏足够的物理掩护来发动意想不到的伏击攻击。一个可用的替代方案是捕食者从下方垂直向上引导其攻击，使得未照明的接近捕食者极难让向下观察的潜在猎物在深海背景的深黑色中视觉识别。此外，在周围水下沉的亚中尺度结构中，向下运动的核心内略微升高的水温会导致声波和光波向外折射，产生可能降低猎物生物能力的声光阴影模式识别向上攻击的捕食者的方法。这表明这种潜艇的存在vambush ' 结构可以提高海洋生态系统内的营养转移效率，并可能为此类捕食者行为提供最好的解释，如对漂浮的漂浮物和漂浮的鱼类聚集装置 (FAD) 的明显强烈吸引力，以及重复的大振幅 '由大量主要的海洋掠食性鱼类进行的弹跳潜水。水呼吸生物面临的氧气限制被视为这些vambush潜在生态运作的控制因素结构，这反过来可能对日益严重的全球海洋脱氧问题具有潜在的脆弱性。以此类亚中尺度特征为代表的可识别栖息地粒度的增加可能在支持比较科学方法的实证研究和应用方面具有重要用途。