Agomelatine is a selective agonist of melatonin receptor 1A/melatonin receptor 1B (MT1/MT2) and antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors. It is used clinically to treat major depressive episodes in adults. The pro-chronobiological activity of agomelatine reconstructs sleep-wake rhythms and normalizes circadian disturbances via its agonistic effect of melatonin receptor 1A/melatonin receptor 1B, which work simultaneously to counteract depression and anxiety disorder. Moreover, by antagonizing neocortical postsynaptic 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors, agomelatine enhances the release of dopamine and noradrenaline in the prefrontal cortex, increases the activity of dopamine and noradrenaline, and thereby reduces depression and anxiety disorder. The combination of these two effects means that agomelatine exhibits a unique pharmacological role in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and disturbance of the circadian rhythm. Emotion and sleep are closely related to memory and cognitive function. Memory disorder is defined as any forms of memory abnormality, which is typically evident in a broad range of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Memory impairment and cognitive impairment are common symptoms of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Therefore, whether agomelatine can improve memory and cognitive behaviors if used for alleviating depression and circadian-rhythm sleep disorders has become a research "hotspot". This review presents the latest findings on the effects of agomelatine in the treatment of psychologic and circadian-rhythm sleep disorders in clinical trials and animal experiments. Our review evaluates recent studies on treatment of memory impairment and cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.

中文翻译：

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阿戈美拉汀：一种治疗神经退行性疾病记忆障碍的潜在新方法。

阿戈美拉汀是褪黑激素受体 1A/褪黑激素受体 1B (MT1/MT2) 的选择性激动剂和 5-羟色胺 2C 受体的拮抗剂。它在临床上用于治疗成人的重度抑郁发作。阿戈美拉汀的促时间生物学活性通过褪黑激素受体 1A/褪黑激素受体 1B 的激动作用重建睡眠-觉醒节律并使昼夜节律紊乱正常化，同时抵消抑郁症和焦虑症。此外，阿戈美拉汀通过拮抗新皮层突触后5-羟色胺2C受体，增强前额叶皮层多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素的释放，增加多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素的活性，从而减轻抑郁和焦虑症。这两种作用的结合意味着阿戈美拉汀在治疗抑郁症、焦虑症和昼夜节律紊乱方面表现出独特的药理作用。情绪和睡眠与记忆和认知功能密切相关。记忆障碍被定义为任何形式的记忆异常，这通常在包括阿尔茨海默氏病在内的多种神经退行性疾病中很明显。记忆障碍和认知障碍是神经退行性疾病和精神疾病的常见症状。因此，阿戈美拉汀用于缓解抑郁症和昼夜节律性睡眠障碍是否能改善记忆和认知行为成为研究“热点”。本综述介绍了阿戈美拉汀在临床试验和动物实验中治疗心理和昼夜节律睡眠障碍的作用的最新发现。我们的综述评估了最近关于治疗神经退行性疾病和精神疾病的记忆障碍和认知障碍的研究。