Fetal or neonatal androgen exposure has a programming effect on ovarian function inducing a polycystic ovarian syndrome-like condition. Its effects on uterine structure and function are poorly studied. The aim of this work was to characterize the temporal course of changes in the rat uterine structure induced by neonatal exposure to aromatizable or not aromatizable androgens. Rats were daily treated with testosterone, dihydrotestosterone or vehicle during follicle assembly period (postnatal days 1 to 5). Uterine histoarchitecture, hormonal milieu, endometrial stromal collagen and capillary density were analyzed at prepubertal, pubertal and adult ages. Our data shows that neonatal androgen exposure induces early and long-lasting deleterious effects on uterine development, including altered adenogenesis and superficial epithelial alterations and suggest a role for altered serum estradiol levels in the maintenance and worsening of the situation. Our results suggest that alterations of the neonatal androgenic environment on the uterus could be responsible for alterations in the processes of implantation and maintenance of the embryo in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

胎儿或新生儿雄激素暴露对卵巢功能有编程作用，可诱发多囊卵巢综合征样病症。它对子宫结构和功能的影响研究很少。这项工作的目的是描述由新生儿暴露于可芳香化或不可芳香化雄激素引起的大鼠子宫结构变化的时间过程。在卵泡组装期间（出生后第 1 至 5 天）每天用睾酮、二氢睾酮或载体治疗大鼠。分析了青春期前、青春期和成年的子宫组织结构、激素环境、子宫内膜间质胶原蛋白和毛细血管密度。我们的数据表明，新生儿雄激素暴露会对子宫发育产生早期和长期的有害影响，包括改变的腺样体生成和浅表上皮改变，并表明改变的血清雌二醇水平在维持和恶化情况中的作用。我们的研究结果表明，子宫新生儿雄激素环境的改变可能是多囊卵巢综合征女性胚胎着床和维持过程改变的原因。