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Effects of mild alternate wetting and drying irrigation and rice straw application on N2O emissions in rice cultivation
Soil ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-10-06 , DOI: 10.5194/soil-8-645-2022
Kaikuo Wu, Wentao Li, Zhanbo Wei, Zhi Dong, Yue Meng, Na Lv, Lili Zhang

The shortage of water resources and the decline in soil organic matter (SOM) are critical limiting factors affecting the improvement in rice productivity, while alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation and recycling application of rice straw (S) are considered favorable mitigation measures. However, the impact of such measures on rice yield and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, needs to be further clarified to ensure that agronomic practices save water, conserve soil, and reduce GHG emissions. Therefore, we explored the effects of mild AWD irrigation combined with on-site rice straw recycling on N2O emissions and rice yield through rice pot experiments. This experiment included 2 irrigation methods (continuous flooding (CF) irrigation and mild AWD irrigation), 2 nitrogen (N) application levels (0 and 225 kg N ha−1) and 2 rice straw return levels (0 and 9000 kg ha−1), for a total of 10 treatments, and each treatment had 3 replicates. The 15N-urea and 15N-S were added to the soil. The results showed that N2O emissions were primarily affected by urea application and irrigation methods, with urea application being most important. Compared with CF irrigation, mild AWD irrigation increased cumulative N2O emissions, with an average increase of 28.8 %. In addition, adding rice straw to mild AWD irrigation further stimulated N2O emissions by 18.1 %. Under the condition of urea application, compared with CF irrigation, mild AWD irrigation increased the yield-scaled N2O emissions by 17.9 %, and the addition of rice straw further promoted the yield-scaled N2O emissions under mild AWD irrigation by 17.4 % but reduced the global warming potential (GWP) (methane (CH4) + N2O) by 62.9 %. Under the condition of urea application, compared with CF irrigation, mild AWD irrigation reduced the uptake of soil-derived N and aboveground biomass of rice but did not reduce rice yield. Therefore, mild AWD irrigation combined with rice straw return may be a promising agronomic method to maintain rice yield, reduce GHGs, and protect or improve soil fertility.

中文翻译:

温和干湿交替灌溉和稻草施用对水稻栽培N2O排放的影响

水资源短缺和土壤有机质(SOM)下降是影响水稻生产力提高的关键限制因素,而干湿交替(AWD)灌溉和稻草(S)循环应用被认为是有利的缓解措施。然而,这些措施对水稻产量和温室气体(GHG)排放,尤其是一氧化二氮(N 2 O)排放的影响需要进一步明确,以确保农艺实践节水、保土和减少温室气体排放。因此,我们探讨了轻度 AWD 灌溉结合现场稻草回收对 N 2的影响。通过水稻盆栽实验的 O 排放和水稻产量。该实验包括 2 种灌溉方法(连续漫灌 (CF) 灌溉和轻度 AWD 灌溉)、2 种氮 (N) 施用水平(0 和 225 kg N ha -1)和 2 种稻草还田水平(0 和 9000 kg ha -1 ),共 10 个处理,每个处理 3 个重复。将15 N-尿素和15 N-S 添加到土壤中。结果表明,N 2 O 排放主要受尿素施用和灌溉方式的影响,其中尿素施用最为重要。与CF灌溉相比,轻度AWD灌溉增加了累积N 2O 排放,平均增加 28.8 %。此外,在轻度 AWD 灌溉中添加稻草进一步刺激了 N 2 O 排放 18.1%。在尿素施用条件下,与CF灌溉相比,轻度AWD灌溉使产量尺度的N 2 O排放量增加了17.9%,稻草的添加进一步促进了轻度AWD灌溉条件下的产量尺度的N 2 O排放量17.4 %。 % 但降低了全球变暖潜能值 (GWP) (甲烷 (CH 4 )  +  N 2O) 减少 62.9 %。在尿素施用条件下,与CF灌溉相比,轻度AWD灌溉降低了水稻对土壤氮素和地上生物量的吸收,但不降低水稻产量。因此,温和的 AWD 灌溉结合稻草还田可能是一种有前景的农艺方法,可以保持水稻产量,减少温室气体排放,保护或提高土壤肥力。
更新日期:2022-10-06
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