Coupled nanogenerators have been a research hotspot due to their ability to harvest a variety of forms of energy such as light, mechanical and thermal energy and achieve a stable direct current output. Ferroelectric films are frequently investigated for photovoltaic applications due to their unique photovoltaic properties and bandgap-independent photovoltage, while the flexoelectric effect is an electromechanical property commonly found in solid dielectrics. Here, we effectively construct a new form of coupled nanogenerator based on a flexible BiFeO₃ ferroelectric film that combines both flexoelectric and photovoltaic effects to successfully harvest both light and vibration energies. This device converts an alternating current into a direct current and achieves a 6.2% charge enhancement and a 19.3% energy enhancement to achieve a multi-dimensional "1 + 1 > 2" coupling enhancement in terms of current, charge and energy. This work proposes a new approach to the coupling of multiple energy harvesting mechanisms in ferroelectric nanogenerators and provides a new strategy to enhance the transduction efficiency of flexible functional devices.

耦合纳米发电机由于能够采集光能、机械能和热能等多种形式的能量，并能实现稳定的直流输出，一直是研究热点。铁电薄膜因其独特的光伏特性和与带隙无关的光电压而经常被研究用于光伏应用，而挠曲电效应是固体电介质中常见的机电特性。在这里，我们有效地构建了一种基于柔性 BiFeO _{3的新型耦合纳米发电机}铁电薄膜结合了挠曲电效应和光伏效应，可以成功地收集光能和振动能。该器件将交流电转换为直流电，实现了6.2%的电荷提升和19.3%的能量提升，实现了电流、电荷、能量多维度的“1+1>2”耦合提升。这项工作提出了一种耦合铁电纳米发电机中多种能量收集机制的新方法，并提供了一种提高柔性功能器件转换效率的新策略。