Gallic acid (GA), a natural plant polyphenol, was applied as amendment of Fe(III)/persulfate (PS) system for ibuprofen (IBP) degradation in this study. The impacts of all agentia (GA, Fe(III), PS) concentration and initial pH values on IBP removal efficiency were investigated, and their corresponding observed pseudo-first-order rate constants (k_obs) were calculated. The addition of GA has significantly improved elimination efficiency of IBP due to the enhanced Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results confirmed that SO₄^•−, HO^• and O₂^•− were involved in GA/Fe(III)/PS system. However, quenching experiments further affirmed the impact of SO₄^•− and HO^• towards IBP decomposition instead of O₂^•−, with contribution ratio to IBP removal was 69.12% and 30.88%, respectively. SO₄^•− was the main radicals formed by directly activation of PS with Fe(II), while HO^• was the transformation product of SO₄^•−. Based on instrumental analysis (stopped-flow UV–vis spectrum and MS) and theoretical calculation, the potential reaction mechanism between GA and Fe(III) in the presence of PS was further proposed. GA complexed with Fe(III) firstly and the Fe(III)-GA complex was then converted into quinone substance, accompanied by the generation of Fe(II). Furthermore, the application of GA extended the optimal pH range to neutral as well, which made it a promising treatment in practical application.

没食子酸 (GA) 是一种天然植物多酚，在本研究中用作 Fe(III)/过硫酸盐 (PS) 体系的修正剂以降解布洛芬 (IBP)。研究了所有试剂（GA、Fe(III)、PS）浓度和初始 pH 值对 IBP 去除效率的影响，并计算了它们相应的观察到的伪一级速率常数 ( k obs ) _。由于增强的 Fe(III)/Fe(II) 循环，添加 GA 显着提高了 IBP 的消除效率。电子顺磁共振(EPR) 结果证实GA/Fe(III)/PS 体系中包含SO ₄ ^•-、HO ^•和O ₂ ^{•- 。}_{然而，淬火实验进一步肯定了SO 4}的影响^•-和HO ^•对IBP 分解而不是O ₂ ^•−，对IBP 去除的贡献率分别为69.12% 和30.88%。SO ₄ ^•-是PS与Fe(II)直接活化形成的主要自由基，而HO ^•是SO ₄ ^•-的转化产物. 基于仪器分析（停流紫外-可见光谱和质谱）和理论计算，进一步提出了在 PS 存在下 GA 和 Fe(III) 之间的潜在反应机理。GA首先与Fe(III)络合，然后Fe(III)-GA络合物转化为醌类物质，并伴随Fe(II)的生成。此外，GA的应用也将最适pH范围扩大至中性，这使其在实际应用中成为一种很有前途的处理方法。