False memories are well established episodic memory phenomena. Recent research in young adults has shown that semantically related associates can be falsely remembered as studied items in working memory (WM) tasks for lists of only a few items when a short 4-second interval was given between study and test. The present study reported two experiments yielding similar effects in 4- (n = 32 and 33, 18 and 14 females, respectively) and 8-year-old children (n = 33 and 34, respectively, 19 females in both). Short lists of semantically related items specifically tailored for young children were retained over a brief interval. Whether or not the interval was filled with a concurrent task that impeded or not WM maintenance, younger children were as prone to falsely recognize related distractors as their older counterparts in an immediate recognition test, and also in a delayed test. In addition, using the conjoint recognition model of the fuzzy-trace theory, we demonstrated that the retrieval of gist traces of the list themes was responsible for the occurrence of short-term false memories in 4- and 8-year-old children. Gist memory also underpinned the occurrence of false recognition in the delayed test. These findings suggest that young children are as likely to make gist-based false memories as older children in working memory tasks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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儿童在工作记忆任务中基于要点的错误记忆。

错误记忆是公认的情景记忆现象。最近针对年轻人的研究表明，当学习和测试之间有短暂的 4 秒间隔时，对于只有少数项目的列表，语义相关的联想可能会被错误地记住为工作记忆 (WM) 任务中的学习项目。本研究报告了两项实验，在 4 岁儿童（n = 32 和 33，分别为 18 和 14 名女性）和 8 岁儿童（n = 33 和 34，分别为 19 名女性）中产生了类似的效果。专门为幼儿量身定制的语义相关项目的简短列表会在短时间内保留。无论该时间间隔是否充满了妨碍 WM 维护的并发任务，在立即识别测试和延迟测试中，年幼的孩子与年长的孩子一样容易错误地识别相关的干扰因素。此外，利用模糊痕迹理论的联合识别模型，我们证明了列表主题的要点痕迹的检索是4岁和8岁儿童短期错误记忆发生的原因。要点记忆也支持了延迟测试中错误识别的发生。这些发现表明，在工作记忆任务中，年幼的孩子和年长的孩子一样有可能产生基于要点的错误记忆。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。