Prevention has traditionally been categorized into three main areas: primary, secondary, and tertiary. In this Current Opinion, we present and discuss the concept of quaternary prevention in sports. Quaternary prevention aims to protect individuals from interventions that likely cause more harm than good, such as overdiagnosis, overtreatment, and overmedication. It includes preventing all types of harm associated with training and clinical interventions. Therefore, any sports injury prevention model or strategy should acknowledge the risks associated with training-related (i.e., overreaching and overuse) and clinical-related (i.e., overdiagnosis, over medicalization, and overtreatment) features. We propose a conceptual framework that integrates quaternary prevention into the contemporary injury prevention models in sports, taking into account that injury prevention is just one branch of the managerial, decision-making, and active hazard control process of risk management that athletes, coaches, and health and performance staff need to deal with. Therefore, we argue that integrating the concept of quaternary prevention into any form of prevention will significantly protect athletes from excessive, inappropriate, and ethically questionable interventions that may likely cause more harm than good.

预防传统上分为三个主要领域：一级、二级和三级。在本《当前意见》中，我们提出并讨论了体育运动中四级预防的概念。第四级预防旨在保护个人免受可能弊大于利的干预措施，例如过度诊断、过度治疗和过度用药。它包括预防与培训和临床干预相关的所有类型的伤害。因此，任何运动损伤预防模型或策略都应承认与训练相关（即过度伸展和过度使用）和临床相关（即过度诊断、过度医疗和过度治疗）特征相关的风险。我们提出了一个概念框架，将第四级预防融入当代体育运动伤害预防模型中，考虑到伤害预防只是运动员、教练和运动员风险管理的管理、决策和主动危害控制过程的一个分支。员工需要处理健康和绩效问题。因此，我们认为，将第四级预防的概念融入任何形式的预防中，将显着保护运动员免受过度、不适当和道德上有问题的干预措施的影响，这些干预措施可能弊大于利。