Many endemic poverty-associated diseases, such as malaria and leishmaniasis, are transmitted by arthropod vectors. Pathogens must interact with specific molecules in the vector gut, the microbiota, and the vector immune system to survive and be transmitted. The vertebrate host, in turn, is infected when the pathogen and vector-derived factors, such as salivary proteins, are delivered into the skin by a vector bite. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of the biology of pathogen transmission from the human to the vector and back, from the vector to the host. We also highlight recent advances in the biology of vector-borne disease transmission, which have translated into additional strategies to prevent human disease by either reducing vector populations or by disrupting their ability to transmit pathogens.

中文翻译：

---

通过节肢动物媒介了解病原体的存活和传播以预防人类疾病

许多地方性贫困相关疾病，例如疟疾和利什曼病，都是通过节肢动物媒介传播的。病原体必须与载体肠道、微生物群和载体免疫系统中的特定分子相互作用才能存活和传播。反过来，当病原体和载体衍生因子（例如唾液蛋白）通过载体叮咬进入皮肤时，脊椎动物宿主就会受到感染。在这里，我们回顾了我们对病原体从人类传播到载体以及从载体到宿主传播的生物学理解的最新进展。我们还强调了媒介传播疾病传播生物学的最新进展，这些进展已转化为通过减少媒介种群或破坏其传播病原体的能力来预防人类疾病的额外策略。