In this article, two novel adaptive fault-tolerant control schemes for a class of nonlinear strict-feedback cyber-physical systems (CPSs) with deception attacks are presented. Deception attacks, such as false data-injection attacks, which destroy sensor networks, make the outputs and states of the CPSs unavailable. It is very difficult and challenging for a designer to achieve the tracking control under the circumstance of cyberattacks. To realize the tracking control for the studied CPSs, we propose a new coordinate transformation technology without precedent, where it takes the attack gains into account and uses the compromised states to design the corresponding controllers. In the backstepping design process, Nussbaum functions are presented to alleviate the influence of the unknown attack gains. Furthermore, we consider the actuator faults problem, which includes the loss of effectiveness and the bias fault. By skillfully designing the adaptive laws, the effect of actuator faults is completely eliminated. It is theoretically proved that the first proposed tracking control scheme can guarantee all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded and the output can track the desired reference signal. In addition, the second adaptive control scheme is also developed for the CPSs under the actuator faults and a more general assumption on the deception attacks is proposed simultaneously. Finally, the feasibility of the new proposed methods is verified by MATLAB simulation analysis.

中文翻译：

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具有欺骗攻击的非线性 CPS 基于 Nussbaum 的自适应容错控制：一种新的坐标变换技术。

在本文中，针对一类具有欺骗攻击的非线性严格反馈信息物理系统（CPS），提出了两种新颖的自适应容错控制方案。欺骗攻击，例如虚假数据注入攻击，会破坏传感器网络，使 CPS 的输出和状态不可用。在网络攻击的情况下，设计人员要实现跟踪控制是非常困难和具有挑战性的。为了实现对所研究CPS的跟踪控制，我们提出了一种前所未有的新坐标变换技术，该技术将攻击增益考虑在内，并使用受损状态来设计相应的控制器。在 backstepping 设计过程中，提出了 Nussbaum 函数来减轻未知攻击增益的影响。此外，我们考虑执行器故障问题，包括有效性损失和偏差故障。通过巧妙地设计自适应规律，完全消除了执行器故障的影响。理论上证明，第一个提出的跟踪控制方案可以保证闭环系统中的所有信号都是有界的，并且输出可以跟踪期望的参考信号。此外，还针对执行器故障下的 CPS 开发了第二种自适应控制方案，并同时提出了关于欺骗攻击的更一般的假设。最后通过MATLAB仿真分析验证了新提出方法的可行性。理论上证明，第一个提出的跟踪控制方案可以保证闭环系统中的所有信号都是有界的，并且输出可以跟踪期望的参考信号。此外，还针对执行器故障下的 CPS 开发了第二种自适应控制方案，并同时提出了关于欺骗攻击的更一般的假设。最后通过MATLAB仿真分析验证了新提出方法的可行性。理论上证明，第一个提出的跟踪控制方案可以保证闭环系统中的所有信号都是有界的，并且输出可以跟踪期望的参考信号。此外，还针对执行器故障下的 CPS 开发了第二种自适应控制方案，并同时提出了关于欺骗攻击的更一般的假设。最后通过MATLAB仿真分析验证了新提出方法的可行性。