In this study, we developed a fragment–asperity interaction model for earthquakes. Based on Tsallis entropy, this model can provide mathematical expression for the non-extensive entropy of fragments and asperities in the gouge area. From a statistical physics perspective, we hypothesized that non-extensive entropy decreases with energy relaxation after crustal rupture (i.e., following an earthquake). By using a windowing process, the non-extensive entropy value was monitored for three relatively recent earthquakes: the 2009 M6.1 L’Aquila (Italy) earthquake, 2011 M9.0 Tohoku (Japan) megathrust earthquake, and 2016 M7.8 Kaikoura (New Zealand) earthquake. The results support our hypothesis and suggest that the non-extensive entropy formula obtained in this study can provide a good characterization of seismicity for a given area.

在这项研究中，我们开发了地震的碎片-粗糙相互作用模型。该模型基于 Tsallis 熵，可以为过切区碎片和凹凸体的非广延熵提供数学表达式。从统计物理学的角度来看，我们假设在地壳破裂后（即地震之后），非广延熵会随着能量松弛而降低。通过使用加窗过程，监测了三个相对较新的地震的非广延熵值：2009 年 M6.1 拉奎拉（意大利）地震、2011 年 M9.0 东北（日本）大逆冲地震和 2016 年 M7.8 凯库拉地震（新西兰）地震。结果支持我们的假设，并表明本研究中获得的非广延熵公式可以很好地表征给定区域的地震活动。