Developing highly flexible, mechanically strong, and highly efficient microwave absorption materials is urgently needed to solve the electromagnetic (EM) wave pollution problems in the areas of fast-growing electronic devices. Herein, poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) composite nanofibrous mats combined with functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated by a facile electrospinning process. The hydrogen-bonding heterointerfaces between PVDF and acidified CNTs (a-CNTs) favored interfacial polarization relaxation compared with the covalent heterointerfaces between PVDF and aminated CNTs (NH₂–CNTs), resulting in better microwave absorption performance. Furthermore, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) was adopted as the chemical cross-linking agent. The PVDF nanocomposite nanofibrous mats with 0.25 wt % DDS exhibited excellent microwave absorbing properties with a minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of −30.4 dB at 7.2 GHz and a thickness of 3.4 mm as well as an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.0 GHz at a thickness of 1.6 mm. More importantly, the mechanical properties were improved simultaneously, because of the cross-linking reaction occurring within the PVDF nanofibers. A tensile strength and a modulus of 1.2 and 21.7 MPa were achieved, respectively. The provided strategy would facilitate the design of highly flexible and mechanically strong electrospun nanofibrous mats for microwave absorption applications.

中文翻译：

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用于微波吸收的电纺碳纳米管/聚（偏二氟乙烯）纳米纤维垫的异界面效应

迫切需要开发高柔性、机械强度高、高效的微波吸收材料，以解决快速发展的电子设备领域的电磁（EM）波污染问题。在此，通过简便的静电纺丝工艺制造了与功能化碳纳米管 (CNT) 结合的聚偏二氟乙烯 (PVDF) 复合纳米纤维垫。与 PVDF 和胺化 CNT (NH ₂-CNTs），从而获得更好的微波吸收性能。此外，采用4,4'-二氨基二苯砜（DDS）作为化学交联剂。具有 0.25 wt % DDS 的 PVDF 纳米复合纳米纤维垫表现出优异的微波吸收性能和最小的反射损耗 (RL _min) 在 7.2 GHz 和 3.4 mm 厚度下为 -30.4 dB，在 1.6 mm 厚度下有效吸收带宽为 5.0 GHz。更重要的是，由于 PVDF 纳米纤维内发生交联反应，机械性能同时得到改善。分别达到了 1.2 和 21.7 MPa 的拉伸强度和模量。所提供的策略将有助于设计用于微波吸收应用的高度灵活且机械强度高的电纺纳米纤维垫。