Mitigating climate change requires transformational advances for carbon dioxide removal, including geologic carbon sequestration in reactive subsurface environments. The Wallula Basalt Carbon Storage Pilot Project demonstrated that CO₂ injected into >800 m deep Columbia River Basalt Group flow top reservoirs mineralizes on month-year timescales. Herein, we present new optical petrography, micro-computed X-ray tomography, and electron microscopy results obtained from sidewall cores collected two years after CO₂ injection. As no other anthropogenic carbonates from geologic carbon storage field studies have been recovered, this world-unique sample suite provides unparalleled insight for subsurface carbon mineralization products and paragenesis. Chemically zoned nodules with Ca/Mn-rich cores and Fe-dominant outer rims are prominent examples of the neoformed carbonate assemblages with ankerite–siderite compositions and exotic divalent cation correlations. Paragenetic insights for the timing of aragonite, silica, and fibrous zeolites are clarified based on mineral texture and spatial relationships, along with time-resolved downhole fluid sampling. Collectively, these results clarify the mineralogy, chemistry, and paragenesis of carbon mineralization, providing insight into the ultimate fate and transport of CO₂ in reactive mafic–ultramafic reservoirs.

中文翻译：

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从深层玄武岩碳储存示范中恢复的奇异碳酸盐矿化

减缓气候变化需要在去除二氧化碳方面取得变革性进展，包括在反应性地下环境中进行地质固碳。Wallula 玄武岩碳储存试点项目表明，CO ₂注入 >800 米深的哥伦比亚河玄武岩群流顶储层在月-年时间尺度上矿化。_{在此，我们展示了从 CO 2}后两年收集的侧壁岩心获得的新光学岩相学、微型计算机 X 射线层析成像和电子显微镜结果注射。由于没有从地质碳储存实地研究中回收其他人为碳酸盐，这个世界独一无二的样本套件为地下碳矿化产物和共生提供了无与伦比的洞察力。具有富含 Ca/Mn 核和 Fe 为主外缘的化学分区结核是具有铁云母-菱铁矿成分和外来二价阳离子相关性的新形成碳酸盐岩组合的突出例子。基于矿物结构和空间关系，以及时间分辨井下流体采样，澄清了文石、二氧化硅和纤维沸石的共生洞察。总的来说，这些结果阐明了碳矿化的矿物学、化学和共生作用，提供了对 CO _{2最终归宿和运输的深入了解}在反应性基性-超基性储层中。