ABSTRACT

Objectives

The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the types of emotion regulation (ER) strategies used and difficulties in emotion regulation experienced by older adults, within the theoretical frameworks proposed by Gross, and by Gratz and Roemer, respectively.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted using principal electronic scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). The systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses guidelines.

Results

The final number of articles included was 44. Older adults reported a higher use of adaptive ER strategies, as well as fewer difficulties in ER, compared with younger adults. Findings from this review also suggest that the use of maladaptive ER strategies can also expose older adults to psychological distress, and may affect their adaptation to negative disease-related outcomes more common in later life.

Conclusions

Older adults generally showed a greater emotional control compared with younger subjects. Adaptive control strategies, rather than maladaptive control strategies, were correlated with more positive outcomes for psychological distress and adaptation to chronic diseases.

Clinical implications

Understanding the nature of ER processes in older adults may contribute to implement tailored interventions aimed at reinforcing adaptive ER processes.

中文翻译：

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老年人的情绪调节策略和困难：系统回顾

摘要

目标

本系统评价的目的是在 Gross、Gratz 和 Roemer 分别提出的理论框架内，评估老年人使用的情绪调节 (ER) 策略类型和情绪调节中遇到的困难。

方法

使用主要的电子科学数据库（PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science）进行系统搜索。系统评价是根据系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目进行的。

结果

最终纳入的文章数量为 44 篇。与年轻人相比，老年人报告了适应性 ER 策略的更多使用，以及 ER 中的困难更少。本综述的结果还表明，使用适应不良的 ER 策略也会使老年人面临心理困扰，并可能影响他们对晚年更常见的负面疾病相关结果的适应。

结论

与年轻人相比，老年人通常表现出更好的情绪控制。适应性控制策略，而不是适应不良的控制策略，与心理困扰和适应慢性病的更积极结果相关。

临床意义

了解老年人 ER 过程的性质可能有助于实施旨在加强适应性 ER 过程的量身定制的干预措施。