Multifunctional superhydrophobic surfaces with dual-scale hierarchical structures have drawn considerable interest in real-world applications. The complicated fabricating process, higher costs, and poor durability limit the widespread utilization of bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces. Herein, we use an effective method to create a micron-nanoscale (dual-scale) hierarchical structure, which is composed of a micron-scaled rough structure constructed by a chemical-etching process and a secondary nanostructure obtained by hydrophobic nano silica (SiO₂) modification. The micron-nanoscale hierarchical structured surface has superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 161.5°±1.9°. Compared with the micron-scaled rough structure surface, the manufactured micron-nanoscale hierarchical structured surface presented excellent anti-icing properties with a freezing delay time of 5013.6 s at -15 °C. The frost layer on the micron-nanoscale hierarchical structured surface can be rapidly melted to transform into some isolated water droplets in about 7 s due to its ultra-low water adhesion force. Additionally, the prepared superhydrophobic micron-nanoscale hierarchical structured surface has chemical stability and mechanical durability except for the delayed icing and reduced frosting performance. The construction of a micron-nanoscale hierarchical structure is expected to expand superhydrophobic surface applications in anti-icing, anti-frosting, and self-cleaning.

具有双尺度层次结构的多功能超疏水表面在实际应用中引起了相当大的兴趣。复杂的制造工艺、较高的成本和较差的耐用性限制了仿生超疏水表面的广泛应用。在此，我们使用一种有效的方法来创建微米-纳米级（双级）分级结构，该结构由化学蚀刻工艺构建的微米级粗糙结构和疏水性纳米二氧化硅（SiO _{2 ）获得的二级纳米结构组成。}） 修改。微米纳米级分层结构表面具有超疏水性，水接触角为161.5°±1.9°。与微米级粗糙结构表面相比，制备的微米纳米级分级结构化表面具有优异的抗结冰性能，在-15 ℃下冻结延迟时间为5013.6 s。由于其超低的水附着力，微米-纳米级分级结构化表面上的霜层可以在大约7 s内迅速融化成一些孤立的水滴。此外，制备的超疏水微米纳米级分层结构表面除了延迟结冰和降低结霜性能外，还具有化学稳定性和机械耐久性。