The aim of the study is to explore and compare the differences in trochlear shape and knee anatomy between four types of prostheses and preoperative native knee matched with preoperative computed tomography (CT). Thirty patients were scheduled for primary kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for varus knee osteoarthritis at our hospital and the region between their pelvis to ankle joint was simulated using a CT-based three-dimensional planning software. The axial plane containing the transepicondylar axis was set as Slice A, and the 10-mm distal plane from Slice A was set as Slice B. The distances to the deepest trochlear groove between the native knee and each prosthesis and the medial and lateral facet heights were compared among the four groups. The deepest femoral trochlear groove of the prostheses was located 1.6 to 3.0 mm more medial than that of the native knee, and in the Persona group, it was significantly more medial than in the e-motion or Triathlon groups on both Slices A and B. The native knee and the medial and lateral facet heights of the four prostheses on both Slices A and B were significantly lower than those of preoperative native knees when femoral prostheses were set in the kinematically aligned (KA)-TKA position. The deepest point of the trochlear groove of the Persona group was the most medial among the four prostheses studied, and the deepest points differed depending on the prosthesis design in KA-TKA. Thus, surgeons should carefully select the type of prostheses used in KA-TKA.

该研究的目的是探索和比较四种类型的假体和与术前计算机断层扫描（CT）匹配的术前天然膝关节之间滑车形状和膝关节解剖结构的差异。30 名患者因膝内翻骨关节炎被安排在我们医院进行初次运动学对齐全膝关节置换术 (TKA)，并使用基于 CT 的三维规划软件模拟他们的骨盆到踝关节之间的区域。包含经上髁轴的轴向平面设置为切片 A，距切片 A 10 mm 的远端平面设置为切片 B。原生膝与每个假体之间到最深滑车沟的距离以及内侧和外侧小关节高度对四组之间进行了比较。假体最深的股骨滑车沟位于比原生膝关节更内侧 1.6 至 3.0 毫米的位置，并且在 Persona 组中，在 Slice A 和 B 上均明显比 e-motion 或 Triathlon 组更内侧。当股骨假体设置在运动学对齐 (KA)-TKA 位置时，切片 A 和 B 上的四个假体的原生膝以及内侧和外侧小关节高度均显着低于术前原生膝。Persona 组的滑车沟最深点是所研究的四个假体中最内侧的，并且最深点根据 KA-TKA 中的假体设计而有所不同。因此，外科医生应仔细选择 KA-TKA 中使用的假体类型。