The global efforts in electrifying our society drive the demand for low-cost and sustainable energy storage solutions. In the present work, a novel material concept was investigated to enable fabrication of several 10 meter-long rolls of supercapacitor paper electrodes on a pilot-scale paper machine. The material concept was based on cationized, cellulose-rich wood-derived fibres, conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS, and activated carbon filler particles. Cationic fibres saturated with anionic PEDOT:PSS provide a conducting scaffold hosting the activated carbon, which functions as the active charge-storage material. The response from further additives was systematically investigated for several critical paper properties. Cellulose nanofibrils were found to improve mechanical properties, while carbon black enhanced both the conductivity and the storage capacity of the activated carbon, reaching a specific capacitance of 67 F g⁻¹. This pilot trial shows that “classical” papermaking methods are fit for the purpose and provides valuable insights on how to further advance bio-based energy storage solutions for large-scale applications.

中文翻译：

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使用中试造纸机生产储能纸电极

全球为实现社会电气化所做的努力推动了对低成本和可持续能源存储解决方案的需求。在目前的工作中，研究了一种新的材料概念，以在中试规模的造纸机上制造几个 10 米长的超级电容器纸电极卷。该材料概念基于阳离子化、富含纤维素的木材衍生纤维、导电聚合物 PEDOT:PSS 和活性炭填料颗粒。用阴离子 PEDOT:PSS 饱和的阳离子纤维提供了一个承载活性炭的导电支架，活性炭用作活性电荷存储材料。系统地研究了其他添加剂对几种关键纸张性能的响应。发现纤维素纳米纤丝可以改善机械性能，^-1。该试点试验表明，“经典”造纸方法适合该目的，并为如何进一步推进大规模应用的生物基储能解决方案提供有价值的见解。