An outstanding challenge in large-scale quantum platforms is to simultaneously achieve strong interactions, giving rise to the most interesting behaviors, and local addressing -that can probe them. In the context of correlated phases, local addressing enables one to directly probe the nature of the system's order. Meanwhile, for out-ofequilibrium dynamics, such addressing allows the study of quantum information spreading and operator growth. Here, we introduce a novel technique that enables the measurement of local correlation functions, down to single-site resolution, despite access to only global controls. Our approach leverages the intrinsic disorder present in a solid-state spin ensemble to dephase the nonlocal components of the correlation function. Utilizing this toolset, we measure both the spin and energy transport in nuclear spin chains. By tuning the interaction Hamiltonian via Floquet engineering, we investigate the cross-over between ballistic and diffusive hydrodynamics. Interestingly, when the system is both interacting and (nearly-)integrable, we observe the coexistence of diffusive spin transport with ballistic energy transport.

中文翻译：

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利用无序探测自旋和能量流体动力学

大规模量子平台的一个突出挑战是同时实现强相互作用，产生最有趣的行为，以及可以探测它们的局部寻址。在相关阶段的上下文中，本地寻址使人们能够直接探测系统顺序的性质。同时，对于非平衡动力学，这种寻址允许研究量子信息的传播和算子的增长。在这里，我们介绍了一种新技术，可以测量局部相关函数，直至单点分辨率，尽管只能访问全局控件。我们的方法利用固态自旋系综中存在的固有无序来使相关函数的非局部分量相去相。使用这个工具集，我们测量核自旋链中的自旋和能量传输。通过 Floquet 工程调整相互作用哈密顿量，我们研究了弹道和扩散流体动力学之间的交叉。有趣的是，当系统既相互作用又（几乎）可积时，我们观察到扩散自旋输运与弹道能量输运共存。