MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs which are essential post-transcriptional gene regulators in various neuronal degenerative diseases and playact a key role in these physiological progresses. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and, stroke, are seriously threats to the life and health of all human health and life kind. Recently, various studies have reported that some various miRNAs can regulate the development of neurodegenerative diseases as well as act as biomarkers to predict these neuronal diseases conditions. Endogenic miRNAs such as miR-9, the miR-29 family, miR-15, and the miR-34 family are generally dysregulated in animal and cell models. They are involved in regulating the physiological and biochemical processes in the nervous system by targeting regulating different molecular targets and influencing a variety of pathways. Additionally, exogenous miRNAs derived from homologous plants and defined as botanmin, such as miR2911 and miR168, can be taken up and transferred by other species to be and then act analogously to endogenic miRNAs to regulate the physiological and biochemical processes. This review summarizes the mechanism and principle of miRNAs in the treatment of some neurodegenerative diseases, as well as discusses several types of miRNAs which were the most commonly reported in diseases. These miRNAs could serve as a study provided some potential biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases might be an ideal and/or therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, the role accounted of the prospective exogenous miRNAs involved in mammalian diseases is described.

Graphical abstract

1. Listing a large number of neural-related miRNAs and sorting out their pathways.

2. Classify and sort miRNAs according to their mechanism of action.

3. Demonstrating the effects of up-regulation or down-regulation of each miRNAs on the nervous system.

中文翻译：

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microRNAs 在神经退行性疾病中的作用：综述

微小 RNA (miRNA) 是非编码 RNA，是各种神经元退行性疾病中必不可少的转录后基因调节因子，并在这些生理过程中发挥关键作用。阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、多发性硬化症、中风等神经退行性疾病严重威胁着全人类的生命健康和生命健康。最近，各种研究报道，一些不同的 miRNA 可以调节神经退行性疾病的发展，并作为生物标志物来预测这些神经元疾病的状况。miR-9、miR-29 家族、miR-15 和 miR-34 家族等内源性 miRNA 在动物和细胞模型中通常失调。它们通过靶向调节不同的分子靶点和影响多种途径参与调节神经系统的生理生化过程。此外，源自同源植物并定义为botanmin的外源miRNA，如miR2911和miR168，可以被其他物种摄取和转移，然后类似于内源miRNA发挥作用以调节生理和生化过程。本文综述了miRNAs在一些神经退行性疾病治疗中的作用机制和原理，并讨论了疾病中最常报道的几种miRNAs类型。这些 miRNA 可以作为一项研究，提供神经退行性疾病中的一些潜在生物标志物可能是神经退行性疾病的理想和/或治疗靶点。最后，

Graphical abstract

1. Listing a large number of neural-related miRNAs and sorting out their pathways.

2. Classify and sort miRNAs according to their mechanism of action.

3. Demonstrating the effects of up-regulation or down-regulation of each miRNAs on the nervous system.