Satellite Internet technology has evolved significantly over the past few years. Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication technology and its applications have received growing interest in the field of global communication, due to their advantages of faster speed, lower latency, higher throughput, etc. GalaxySpace’s first satellite (YINHE-1) has been the world’s first V/Ka-band LEO broadband satellite with a communication capacity of 24 Gbps. The satellite was launched on the 16th of January 2020, and a series of in-orbit tests and satellite–terrestrial communication experiments were carried out within the two years of orbital flight. YINHE-1 is still operating and will participate in subsequent missions developed by GalaxySpace. This paper describes the overall scheme of satellite design and presents an integrated satellite–terrestrial network experiment system. Based on the two-year in-orbit test results, the Q/V band feed beam tracking, throughput and latency, communication under low elevation angles, and user beam switching are evaluated. In addition, the experiment results of integrated satellite–terrestrial communication are analyzed in detail. It is shown that the LEO broadband satellite possesses satisfactory capability in LTE/5G backhaul and Internet applications.

卫星互联网技术在过去几年中取得了长足的发展。近地轨道（LEO）卫星通信技术及其应用由于具有更快的速度、更低的延迟、更高的吞吐量等优势，在全球通信领域受到越来越多的关注。世界上第一颗通信能力为 24 Gbps 的 V/Ka 波段 LEO 宽带卫星。该卫星于2020年1月16日发射升空，在两年的轨道飞行中开展了一系列在轨试验和星地通信实验。银河一号仍在运行中，将参与银河空间开发的后续任务。本文介绍了卫星设计的总体方案，并提出了一个集成的星地网络实验系统。根据两年在轨测试结果，对Q/V波段馈电波束跟踪、吞吐量和延迟、低仰角下的通信以及用户波束切换进行了评估。此外，对星地一体化通信的实验结果进行了详细分析。结果表明，LEO宽带卫星在LTE/5G回程和互联网应用中具有令人满意的能力。详细分析了星地一体化通信的实验结果。结果表明，LEO宽带卫星在LTE/5G回程和互联网应用中具有令人满意的能力。详细分析了星地一体化通信的实验结果。结果表明，LEO宽带卫星在LTE/5G回程和互联网应用中具有令人满意的能力。