Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a kind of worldwide farmed fish that is commercially cultured in more than a hundred nations. The tilapia dietary faba bean (Vicia faba L.) for 90– 120 d improves muscle quality such as higher muscle hardness and crispiness. However, faba bean contain a wide variety of antinutritional factors such as phenolics, tannins, trypsin inhibitor activity, and phytic acid. Antinutritional factors through themselves or their metabolic products affect the health of fish. This study was compared growth, antioxidant activity, carbon metabolic enzyme activity and immune-related gene expression profiles between the ordinary and crisp tilapia. The results indicated that crisp tilapia (888.00 ± 200.83 g) had a significantly lower body weight compared with ordinary tilapia (1078.67 ± 162.56 g) (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) between crisp and ordinary tilapia in both serum and liver. The crisp tilapia recorded significantly lower acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in contrast to the ordinary tilapia in serum (P < 0.05), but not significant in liver. The crisp tilapia (serum: 8.05 ± 1.23 U/mL, liver: 7.59 ± 1.09 U/mL) exposure could significantly inhibit glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities compared with ordinary tilapia (serum: 5.07 ± 0.91 U/mL, liver: 4.10 ± 1.18 U/mL) (P < 0.05). The lysozyme (LZM) and triglyceride (TG) of ordinary and crisp tilapia were similar. The heat shock protein70 (Hsp70) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression of crisp tilapia demonstrated significant upregulation when compared with ordinary tilapia in the haemocytes and liver, whereas the interleukin-1β (IL-1β), metallothionein (MT), and chemokine C-C-Motif Ligand 3 (CCL) expression of crisp tilapia were significantly deregulated in the liver. In conclusion, the crisp tilapia can decrease growth, ACP, AKP, and G6PDH activity, whereas Hsp70 and TNF-α expression of crisps demonstrated significant upregulation. The results would contribute to comprehend the physiological parameters during tilapia crisping process and exploring the mechanism of tilapia brittleness.

罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）是一种世界性养殖鱼类，在一百多个国家进行商业养殖。罗非鱼膳食蚕豆（Vicia fabaL.) 90-120 天可提高肌肉质量，例如更高的肌肉硬度和脆度。然而，蚕豆含有多种抗营养因子，如酚类、单宁、胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性和植酸。抗营养因子通过自身或其代谢产物影响鱼类的健康。本研究比较了普通罗非鱼和脆罗非鱼的生长、抗氧化活性、碳代谢酶活性和免疫相关基因表达谱。结果表明，脆罗非鱼（888.00±200.83 g）的体重明显低于普通罗非鱼（1078.67±162.56 g）（P < 0.05)。脆罗非鱼和普通罗非鱼在血清和肝脏中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和抗氧化能力（T-AOC）没有显着差异。与普通罗非鱼相比，脆罗非鱼血清中酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）显着降低（P  < 0.05），但肝脏中不显着。与普通罗非鱼（血清：5.07 ± 0.91 U/mL，肝: 4.10 ± 1.18 U/mL) ( P < 0.05)。普通罗非鱼和脆罗非鱼的溶菌酶（LZM）和甘油三酯（TG）相似。与普通罗非鱼相比，脆罗非鱼的热休克蛋白70（Hsp70）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）在血细胞和肝脏中的表达显着上调，而白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、金属硫蛋白（MT )，并且脆罗非鱼的趋化因子 CC-Motif Ligand 3 (CCL) 表达在肝脏中显着失调。总之，脆罗非鱼可以降低生长、ACP、AKP 和 G6PDH 活性，而脆罗非鱼的 Hsp70 和 TNF-α 表达显着上调。研究结果有助于理解罗非鱼酥脆过程中的生理参数，探索罗非鱼脆性的机制。