Generally, 2D “thin-film” structural molecularly imprinted membranes (MIMs) prepared by the common phase inversion method suffer low adsorption capacity due to the easy embedment of imprinting sites. Herein, an alternative “delayed phase inversion” strategy was first developed to construct a natural loofah-based 3D porous MIM (LPMIM), in which the as-prepared molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with artesunate (ARU) as dummy template spontaneously interacted with the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) pre-treated loofah framework (LPM), and evenly anchored on loofah fiber surfaces, similar to the cobweb locking raindrops. Interestingly, the natural 3D fiber cross networks of loofah not only provided sufficient capacity and space to support MIPs without causing aggregation and maintains high flux, but also the inherent high mechanical strength of loofah fibers endowed the LPMIM with excellent stability. Under dynamic conditions the ART adsorption capacity of LPMIM could be further remarkably improved by tailoring the flow rate of 1.19 mL·cm⁻²·min⁻¹, up to 334.70 mg/g. As a result, effective enhancement in the artemisinin (ART) adsorption capacity were achieved for the LPMIM, which was about 2.25 times higher than that of the common blend MIM prepared by common phase inversion method (148.30 mg/g). Moreover, the LPMIM possessed high ART selectivity towards its analogue, artemether (ARE), giving an ART/ARE ratio of 2.7. Furthermore, the LPMIM displayed excellent recycling performance. By altering the template of MIPs, the corresponding LPMIM can be expanded to highly selective separation of other substrates along with large absorption capacity. This work highlights a universal strategy to construct novel MIMs with high absorption capacity and selectivity using bio-based fiber cross frameworks.

通常，由普通相转化法制备的二维“薄膜”结构分子印迹膜（MIM）由于易于嵌入印迹位点而吸附能力低。在此，首先开发了一种替代的“延迟相转化”策略来构建基于天然丝瓜络的 3D 多孔 MIM（LPMIM），其中所制备的分子印迹聚合物以青蒿琥酯（ARU）为虚拟模板的（MIPs）与聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）预处理的丝瓜络骨架（LPM）自发地相互作用，并均匀地锚定在丝瓜络纤维表面，类似于蛛网锁定雨滴。有趣的是，丝瓜络的天然 3D 纤维交叉网络不仅提供了足够的容量和空间来支持 MIP 而不会导致聚集并保持高通量，而且丝瓜络纤维固有的高机械强度赋予 LPMIM 优异的稳定性。^{在动态条件下，通过调整 1.19 mL·cm -2} ·min ^-1的流速可以进一步显着提高 LPMIM 的 ART 吸附能力，高达 334.70 毫克/克。结果，LPMIM的青蒿素（ART）吸附能力得到有效提高，比普通相转化法制备的普通共混MIM（148.30 mg/g）高出约2.25倍。此外，LPMIM 对其类似物蒿甲醚 (ARE) 具有高 ART 选择性，ART/ARE 比率为 2.7。此外，LPMIM 表现出优异的回收性能。通过改变 MIP 的模板，相应的 LPMIM 可以扩展到其他底物的高选择性分离以及大吸收容量。这项工作突出了使用生物基纤维交叉框架构建具有高吸收能力和选择性的新型 MIM 的通用策略。