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Echocardiogram screening in pediatric dialysis and transplantation
Pediatric Nephrology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05721-z
Amelia K Le Page 1, 2 , Naganandini Nagasundaram 1 , Ari E Horton 2, 3, 4 , Lilian M Johnstone 1, 2
Affiliation  

Transthoracic echocardiography is commonly used to identify structural and functional cardiac abnormalities that can be prevalent in childhood chronic kidney failure (KF). Left ventricular mass (LVM) increase is most frequently reported and may persist post-kidney transplant especially with hypertension and obesity. While systolic dysfunction is infrequently seen in childhood chronic KF, systolic strain identified by speckle tracking echocardiography has been frequently identified in dialysis and it can also persist post-transplant. Echocardiogram association with long-term outcomes has not been studied in childhood KF but there are many adult studies demonstrating associations between increased LVM, systolic dysfunction, strain, diastolic dysfunction, and cardiovascular events and mortality. There has been limited study of interventions to improve echocardiogram status. In childhood, improved blood pressure has been associated with better LVM, and conversion from hemodialysis to hemodiafiltration has been associated with better diastolic and systolic function. Whether long-term cardiac outcomes are also improved with these interventions is unclear. Echocardiography is a well-established technique, and regular use in childhood chronic KF seems justified. A case can be made to extend screening to include speckle tracking echocardiography and intradialytic studies in high-risk populations. Further longitudinal studies including these newer echocardiogram modalities, interventions, and long-term outcomes would help clarify recommendations for optimal use as a screening tool.



中文翻译:

小儿透析和移植中的超声心动图筛查

经胸超声心动图通常用于识别儿童慢性肾功能衰竭 (KF) 中普遍存在的结构性和功能性心脏异常。左心室质量 (LVM) 增加是最常报告的,并且可能在肾移植后持续存在,尤其是在高血压和肥胖的情况下。虽然收缩功能障碍在儿童慢性 KF 中很少见,但在透析中经常发现通过斑点追踪超声心动图确定的收缩应变,并且它也可以在移植后持续存在。超声心动图与长期结果的关联尚未在儿童 KF 中进行研究,但有许多成人研究表明 LVM 增加、收缩功能障碍、劳损、舒张功能障碍以及心血管事件和死亡率之间存在关联。对改善超声心动图状态的干预措施的研究有限。在儿童时期,改善的血压与更好的 LVM 有关,从血液透析转为血液透析滤过与更好的舒张和收缩功能有关。这些干预措施是否也改善了长期心脏结局尚不清楚。超声心动图是一项成熟的技术,在儿童慢性 KF 中经常使用似乎是合理的。可以考虑将筛查范围扩大到包括斑点追踪超声心动图和高危人群的透析中研究。包括这些更新的超声心动图模式、干预和长期结果在内的进一步纵向研究将有助于阐明作为筛查工具的最佳使用建议。改善的血压与更好的 LVM 有关,从血液透析到血液透析滤过的转换与更好的舒张和收缩功能有关。这些干预措施是否也改善了长期心脏结局尚不清楚。超声心动图是一项成熟的技术,在儿童慢性 KF 中经常使用似乎是合理的。可以考虑将筛查范围扩大到包括斑点追踪超声心动图和高危人群的透析中研究。包括这些更新的超声心动图模式、干预和长期结果在内的进一步纵向研究将有助于阐明作为筛查工具的最佳使用建议。改善的血压与更好的 LVM 有关,从血液透析到血液透析滤过的转换与更好的舒张和收缩功能有关。这些干预措施是否也改善了长期心脏结局尚不清楚。超声心动图是一项成熟的技术,在儿童慢性 KF 中经常使用似乎是合理的。可以考虑将筛查范围扩大到包括斑点追踪超声心动图和高危人群的透析中研究。包括这些更新的超声心动图模式、干预和长期结果在内的进一步纵向研究将有助于阐明作为筛查工具的最佳使用建议。这些干预措施是否也改善了长期心脏结局尚不清楚。超声心动图是一项成熟的技术,在儿童慢性 KF 中经常使用似乎是合理的。可以考虑将筛查范围扩大到包括斑点追踪超声心动图和高危人群的透析中研究。包括这些更新的超声心动图模式、干预和长期结果在内的进一步纵向研究将有助于阐明作为筛查工具的最佳使用建议。这些干预措施是否也改善了长期心脏结局尚不清楚。超声心动图是一项成熟的技术,在儿童慢性 KF 中经常使用似乎是合理的。可以考虑将筛查范围扩大到包括斑点追踪超声心动图和高危人群的透析中研究。包括这些更新的超声心动图模式、干预和长期结果在内的进一步纵向研究将有助于阐明作为筛查工具的最佳使用建议。

更新日期:2022-09-17
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