The spatial association of hydrocarbons with metalliferous ore deposits, like MVT lead–zinc deposits, sandstone uranium deposits and various type gold deposits (epithermal Au-Ag (-Hg) deposits, orogenic gold deposits and Carlin-type gold deposits) is found worldwide. However, the genetic relationship between hydrocarbon evolution and mineralization is still under controversy. Integrating isotope dates related to timing of petroleum evolution and gold mineralization from published data, as well as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of pyrobitumen, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) on both pyrobitumen and pyrite, the In-situ S isotope analyses of the gold-bearing pyrite in this study, we consider different type hydrocarbons (liquid oil and gas) played different roles on the mineralization of Carlin type gold deposits. As the residue of liquid oil cracking, the widespread high maturity pyrobitumen within the reservoir indicate both oil and gas has ever accumulated in the Nanpanjiang Basin. The high gold abundance (EPMA: ∼120 ppm; TEM: ∼1500 ppm) within the pyrobitumen in agreement with the metal solubility experiment suggest liquid oils could have acted as gold carrier before metal precipitation. The late Triassic timing overlapping between gas generation and gold mineralization and the δ³⁴S features with gold bearing pyrite ∼ 10 ‰ lighter than the coeval seawater sulfate indicate gas dominated TSR process may play an important role on the supply of gold bisulfide complex (Au(HS)₂⁻) in the ore-forming fluid and directly involved the precipitation of the Carlin-type gold deposit.

碳氢化合物与含金属矿床的空间关联，如 MVT 铅锌矿床、砂岩铀矿床和各种类型的金矿床（超热液金银（-Hg）矿床、造山金矿床和卡林型金矿床）在世界范围内都有发现。然而，烃类演化与成矿的成因关系仍存在争议。从已发表的数据中整合与石油演化和金矿化时间相关的同位素日期，以及焦沥青的高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 分析、焦沥青和黄铁矿的电子探针显微分析 (EPMA)，原位本研究对含金黄铁矿进行S同位素分析，认为不同类型的烃类（液态油气）对卡林型金矿床的成矿作用不同。作为液态油裂解的残余物，储层内普遍存在的高成熟度焦沥青表明南盘江盆地曾有油气聚集。高温沥青中的高金丰度（EPMA：~120 ppm；TEM：~1500 ppm）与金属溶解度实验一致，表明液体油在金属沉淀之前可能已充当金载体。晚三叠世产气与金矿化与δ ^{34的时间重叠}含金黄铁矿的 S 特征比同时代的海水硫酸盐轻 10 ‰ 表明气体主导的 TSR 过程可能对成矿流体中的二硫化金络合物 (Au(HS) ₂ ^- ) 的供应起重要作用，并直接涉及卡林型金矿的沉淀。