Background: Both healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance are associated with an increased length of stay and hospital costs, while they have also been linked to high morbidity and mortality rates. In 2016 and 2017, the latest point prevalence survey (PPS) of HAIs and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals highlighted an HAI prevalence of 6.5%, while Greece had a higher HAI prevalence of 10%. The aim of this PPS was to record the prevalence of HAIs and antimicrobial use in all eight public acute care hospitals in Crete, Greece during the COVID-19 pandemic in order to highlight the types of infections and antimicrobial practices that need to be prioritized for infection control initiatives. Methods: The PPS was conducted between 30 March and 15 April 2022, according to the ECDC standardized relevant protocol (version 5.3). Statistics were extracted using the ECDC Helics.Win.Net application (software version 4.1.0). Results: A total of 1188 patients were included. The overall point prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 10.6%. The most frequent types of infections were pneumonia (34.3%), bloodstream infections (10.5%), systemic infections and urinary tract infections (10.5% and 9.1%, respectively). In 14 (12.4%) cases, the pathogen responsible for HAI was SARS-CoV-2 following onsite spread, accounting for almost 10% of all HAIs. Microorganisms were identified in 60.1% of HAIs. Antimicrobials were administered in 711 (59.8%) patients, with 1.59 antimicrobials used per patient. Conclusion: The prevalence of HAI and antimicrobial use among hospitalized patients in Crete, Greece was similar to the national HAI prevalence in 2016 despite the enormous pressure on public hospitals due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, both HAI prevalence and antimicrobial use remain high, underlining the need to implement adequate infection control and antimicrobial stewardship interventions.

中文翻译：

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希腊克里特岛公共急性护理医院医疗保健相关感染和抗菌药物使用的点患病率调查

背景：医疗保健相关感染 (HAI) 和抗菌素耐药性都与住院时间和住院费用的增加有关，同时它们也与高发病率和死亡率有关。2016 年和 2017 年，最新的欧洲急症护理医院 HAI 和抗菌药物使用点流行率调查 (PPS) 显示 HAI 流行率为 6.5%，而希腊的 HAI 流行率更高，为 10%。本 PPS 的目的是记录 COVID-19 大流行期间希腊克里特岛所有八家公立急症护理医院的 HAI 流行率和抗菌药物使用情况，以突出需要优先考虑感染的感染类型和抗菌药物使用情况控制举措。方法：PPS 在 2022 年 3 月 30 日至 4 月 15 日之间进行，根据 ECDC 标准化相关协议（5.3 版）。使用 ECDC Helics.Win.Net 应用程序（软件版本 4.1.0）提取统计数据。结果：共纳入 1188 例患者。患有至少一种 HAI 的患者的总体点患病率为 10.6%。最常见的感染类型是肺炎（34.3%）、血流感染（10.5%）、全身感染和尿路感染（分别为 10.5% 和 9.1%）。在 14 例 (12.4%) 病例中，导致 HAI 的病原体是现场传播后的 SARS-CoV-2，几乎占所有 HAI 的 10%。在 60.1% 的 HAI 中发现了微生物。711 名 (59.8%) 患者使用了抗菌药物，每位患者使用了 1.59 种抗菌药物。结论：克里特岛住院患者的 HAI 患病率和抗菌药物使用情况，尽管 COVID-19 大流行给公立医院带来了巨大压力，但希腊与 2016 年的全国 HAI 流行率相似。尽管如此，HAI 的流行率和抗菌药物的使用率仍然很高，这强调了实施适当的感染控制和抗菌药物管理干预措施的必要性。