Abstract. The Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) acts as a watershed discharge in the Arctic Ocean, as it is characterized by advection from the Pacific and Atlantic waters, ice melt, local river discharge and net precipitation. Its waters are characterized by the mixing of Pacific and Atlantic water origin, and the meltwater supply originating from the Devon Ice Cap Glaciers and marine-terminating rivers. The Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate published by the IPCC in 2021, showed how the runoff into the Arctic Ocean increased for Eurasian and North American rivers by 3.3 ± 1.6 % and 2.0 ± 1.8 % respectively (1976–2017), hence, monitoring the freshwater supply within the CAA is crucial in a warming scenario. This paper aims to describe the water mass structures within the CAA, by analyzing physical and chemical tracers collected in 2019 during the Northwest Passage expedition held in July and August onboard the Swedish icebreaker Oden. The uniqueness of this study is the wide dataset composed of physical and chemical parameters (https://doi.org/10.18739/A2W66995R). Here, we implemented the Optimal Multiparameter analysis for the detection of the source water fractions, such as, Atlantic Water (AW), Pacific Water (PW), Meteoric Water (MW), and Sea Ice Meltwater (SIM). For this analysis, we used a nutrient ratio tracer defined Arctic Nitrate-Phosphate tracer, together with the absolute salinity and δ¹⁸O from the water samples. Our analysis confirmed the intrusion of the PW from the west in the upper layers and of AW from the east in the deeper layers. We also discriminated the meltwaters between glacial and sea ice origin and showed their spatial distribution in the study area. This study provides unique set of data from this under observed region and can serve as baseline for further analysis and continued data collection.

中文翻译：

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加拿大北极群岛的水团分布：最佳多参数分析 (OMP) 的实施

摘要。加拿大北极群岛 (CAA) 是北冰洋的分水岭排放，因为它的特点是来自太平洋和大西洋水域的平流、冰融化、当地河流排放和净降水。其水域的特点是太平洋和大西洋水源的混合，以及源自德文冰盖冰川和终止海洋的河流的融水供应。IPCC 于 2021 年发布的《气候变化中的海洋和冰冻圈特别报告》显示，欧亚河流域和北美河流的流入北冰洋的径流分别增加了 3.3 ± 1.6 % 和 2.0 ± 1.8 % (1976-2017)因此，在气候变暖的情况下，监测 CAA 内的淡水供应至关重要。本文旨在描述 CAA 内的水团结构，通过分析 2019 年在瑞典破冰船奥登号上于 7 月和 8 月举行的西北航道探险期间收集的物理和化学示踪剂。本研究的独特之处在于由物理和化学参数组成的广泛数据集（https://doi.org/10.18739/A2W66995R）。在这里，我们实施了最佳多参数分析来检测源水部分，例如大西洋水 (AW)、太平洋水 (PW)、气象水 (MW) 和海冰融水 (SIM)。对于此分析，我们使用了定义为北极硝酸盐-磷酸盐示踪剂的营养比示踪剂，以及绝对盐度和 δ 18739/A2W66995R)。在这里，我们实施了最佳多参数分析来检测源水部分，例如大西洋水 (AW)、太平洋水 (PW)、气象水 (MW) 和海冰融水 (SIM)。对于此分析，我们使用了定义为北极硝酸盐-磷酸盐示踪剂的营养比示踪剂，以及绝对盐度和 δ 18739/A2W66995R)。在这里，我们实施了最佳多参数分析来检测源水部分，例如大西洋水 (AW)、太平洋水 (PW)、气象水 (MW) 和海冰融水 (SIM)。对于此分析，我们使用了定义为北极硝酸盐-磷酸盐示踪剂的营养比示踪剂，以及绝对盐度和 δ¹⁸ O 来自水样。我们的分析证实了上层来自西部的 PW 和深层来自东部的 AW 的侵入。我们还区分了冰川和海冰起源之间的融水，并显示了它们在研究区域的空间分布。本研究提供了来自该观察区域的独特数据集，可作为进一步分析和继续数据收集的基线。