ABSTRACT

Most of the new emerging and re-emerging zoonotic virus outbreaks in recent years stem from close interaction with dead or alive infected animals. Since late 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread into 221 countries and territories resulting in close to 300 million known infections and 5.4 million deaths in addition to a huge impact on both public health and the world economy. This paper reviews the COVID-19 prevalence in animals, raise concerns about animal welfare and discusses the role of environment in the transmission of COVID-19. Attention is drawn to the One Health concept as it emphasizes the environment in connection with the risk of transmission and establishment of diseases shared between animals and humans. Considering the importance of One Health for an effective response to the dissemination of infections of pandemic character, some unsettled issues with respect to COVID-19 are highlighted.

摘要

近年来，大多数新出现和重新出现的人畜共患病病毒爆发源于与死亡或活着的受感染动物的密切互动。自 2019 年底以来，2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 已蔓延到 221 个国家和地区，导致近 3 亿已知感染和 540 万人死亡，此外还对公共卫生和世界经济产生了巨大影响。本文回顾了 COVID-19 在动物中的流行情况，提出了对动物福利的担忧，并讨论了环境在 COVID-19 传播中的作用。人们注意到“一个健康”概念，因为它强调环境与动物和人类之间共有的疾病传播和建立的风险有关。