An efficient sulfonic acid-type acid catalyst with high acid site density based on hydrothermal carbon microspheres (HCMs) has been developed. The reaction by which double bonds in the HCMs were oxidized to generate carboxyl groups was evaluated based on density functional theory calculations.

中文翻译：

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水热碳微球氧化反应机理及其在磺化后酯交换反应中的应用

开发了一种基于水热碳微球 (HCM) 的高酸位点密度的高效磺酸型酸催化剂。基于密度泛函理论计算评估了 HCM 中的双键被氧化生成羧基的反应。