Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2022.108150 Pablo Cavigliasso, Colin C. Phifer, Jessie L. Knowlton, Julian A. Licata, David J. Flaspohler, Christopher R. Webster, Natacha P. Chacoff
Landscapes dominated by conventional agriculture reduce and simplify natural habitats, with negative consequences for ecosystem regulating services. We examined differences in structure and composition of bee communities across biotic and abiotic gradients to investigate how these communities respond to land-use changes associated with agriculture. Studies like ours which evaluates the relative effect of different components of spatial heterogeneity remain uncommon and are important to conserve pollinator fauna. The diversity of floral resources and habitat richness including the configuration and composition of landscape heterogeneity have been shown to influence the diversity of wild bees on a landscape scale. In this study, we examined how wild bee communities respond to landscape heterogeneity in a semi-arid productive region of Entre Ríos Argentina. We modeled the effect of landscape heterogeneity on wild bee community abundance, species richness, and Chao-1 diversity. We sampled bees using pan traps in four common land-uses in the region (forest plantations, pasture/croplands, mixed use areas and native espinal savanna) for five months in the spring-summer of 2014–2015. We identified 96 bee species among 3407 bees collected in the four habitat types. Pasture/croplands along with native espinal savanna supported the highest abundance, richness, and diversity of bees. Species composition of wild bee communities differed between land uses, with numerous species unique to each land use. Across all land use types, diversity of flower resources consistently supported more abundant and diverse wild bee communities. The richness of habitats along with the diversity of floral resources acted synergistically over wild bee communities. Our findings further clarify the relationship between land-use and wild bee communities, which provide valuable pollination services to crops and native plants. Continued expansion of large-scale monoculture forest plantations will likely come at the expense of the native floral resources, which are a key component to support regional bee species richness. Promoting landscapes with a diversity of crops and flower resources are important for the conservation of pollinators that are key for the functioning of ecosystems.
中文翻译:
景观组成对野生蜜蜂群落的影响:功能景观异质性的影响
以传统农业为主的景观减少和简化了自然栖息地,对生态系统调节服务产生负面影响。我们检查了生物和非生物梯度中蜜蜂群落的结构和组成差异,以研究这些群落如何应对与农业相关的土地利用变化。像我们这样评估空间异质性不同组成部分的相对影响的研究仍然不常见,并且对于保护传粉动物群很重要。花卉资源的多样性和栖息地的丰富性,包括景观异质性的配置和组成,已被证明会在景观尺度上影响野生蜜蜂的多样性。在这项研究中,我们研究了野生蜜蜂群落如何应对阿根廷恩特雷里奥斯(Entre Ríos Argentina)半干旱生产区的景观异质性。我们模拟了景观异质性对野生蜜蜂群落丰度、物种丰富度和 Chao-1 多样性的影响。我们在 2014 年至 2015 年春夏季五个月期间,在该地区的四种常见土地用途(森林种植园、牧场/农田、混合用途地区和原生脊髓稀树草原)中使用泛捕器对蜜蜂进行了采样。我们在四种栖息地类型收集的 3407 只蜜蜂中确定了 96 种蜜蜂。牧场/农田以及原生的脊椎稀树草原支持了蜜蜂的最高丰度、丰富度和多样性。野生蜜蜂群落的物种组成因土地利用而异,每种土地利用都有许多独特的物种。在所有土地利用类型中,花卉资源的多样性始终支持着更加丰富多样的野蜂群落。栖息地的丰富性以及花卉资源的多样性对野蜂群落产生了协同作用。我们的研究结果进一步阐明了土地利用和野蜂群落之间的关系,它们为农作物和本地植物提供有价值的授粉服务。大规模单一种植林场的持续扩张可能会以牺牲本土花卉资源为代价,而本土花卉资源是支持区域蜜蜂物种丰富度的关键组成部分。促进具有多种作物和花卉资源的景观对于保护传粉媒介非常重要,而传粉媒介对生态系统的运作至关重要。栖息地的丰富性以及花卉资源的多样性对野蜂群落产生了协同作用。我们的研究结果进一步阐明了土地利用和野蜂群落之间的关系,它们为农作物和本地植物提供有价值的授粉服务。大规模单一种植林场的持续扩张可能会以牺牲本土花卉资源为代价,而本土花卉资源是支持区域蜜蜂物种丰富度的关键组成部分。促进具有多种作物和花卉资源的景观对于保护传粉媒介非常重要,而传粉媒介对生态系统的运作至关重要。栖息地的丰富性以及花卉资源的多样性对野蜂群落产生了协同作用。我们的研究结果进一步阐明了土地利用和野蜂群落之间的关系,它们为农作物和本地植物提供有价值的授粉服务。大规模单一种植林场的持续扩张可能会以牺牲本土花卉资源为代价,而本土花卉资源是支持区域蜜蜂物种丰富度的关键组成部分。促进具有多种作物和花卉资源的景观对于保护传粉媒介非常重要,而传粉媒介对生态系统的运作至关重要。大规模单一种植林场的持续扩张可能会以牺牲本土花卉资源为代价,而本土花卉资源是支持区域蜜蜂物种丰富度的关键组成部分。促进具有多种作物和花卉资源的景观对于保护传粉媒介非常重要,而传粉媒介对生态系统的运作至关重要。大规模单一种植林场的持续扩张可能会以牺牲本土花卉资源为代价,而本土花卉资源是支持区域蜜蜂物种丰富度的关键组成部分。促进具有多种作物和花卉资源的景观对于保护传粉媒介非常重要,而传粉媒介对生态系统的运作至关重要。