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From water analysis to scale and corrosion control improvements: A Permian Basin example
Chemical Geology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.121077
Zhaoyi Dai , Bingjie Ouyang , Xin Wang , Wei Li , Chong Dai , Yue Zhao , Saebom Ko , Samridhdi Paudyal , Amy Kan , Mason Tomson

Oil and gas production and geothermal energy exploitation generate large volumes of produced water (PW), which is causing various operational challenges including environmental sustainability, scale, corrosion, and other economic and safety issues. Using the Permian Basin as an example, this study traced the PW sources and developed a new procedure for scale and corrosion management improvements based on the PW compositions from U.S. Geological Survey National Produced Waters Geochemical Database (USGS PWGD). Both correlations between the major ions and Br and between the water isotopes (δD versus δ18O) showed that most PW samples evolved from seawater, and a group samples from foreign sources were detected. The downhole pH, CO2% and calcite saturation index (SI) at surface were predicted by assuming PW is at equilibrium with calcite at downhole conditions. The SI values of barite, halite, and gypsum were also predicted. A dosage of 1 mg/L of NTMP (nitrilotris(methylene phosphonic acid)) was recommended to control such scale formations for >95% Permian wells. Furthermore, this study incorporated a mechanistic corrosion module to calculate the corrosion rate, which correlated well with the measured Mn2+ concentration. Such good correlation suggested that Mn2+ concentration can be utilized as a proxy for the steel corrosion. This recommended procedure has been shown to provide vital information for formation water source evolution analysis and scale and corrosion management improvements based on produced water composition with nonideal data.



中文翻译:

从水分析到水垢和腐蚀控制改进:二叠纪盆地示例

石油和天然气生产和地热能开采产生大量采出水 (PW),这带来了各种运营挑战,包括环境可持续性、规模、腐蚀以及其他经济和安全问题。本研究以二叠纪盆地为例,追踪了 PW 的来源,并根据美国地质调查局国家生产水地球化学数据库 (USGS PWGD) 的 PW 成分开发了一种新的水垢和腐蚀管理改进程序。主要离子与 Br -之间以及水同位素之间的相关性(δD 与 δ 18 O)都表明大多数 PW 样品是从海水中演化而来的,并且检测到了一组来自外国的样品。井下pH,CO 2通过假设 PW 在井下条件下与方解石处于平衡状态,预测了地面的% 和方解石饱和指数 ( SI )。还预测了重晶石、岩盐​​和石膏的SI值。建议使用 1 mg/L 的 NTMP(次氮基三(亚甲基膦酸))来控制 >95% 二叠纪井的这种水垢形成。此外,本研究结合了一个机械腐蚀模块来计算腐蚀速率,这与测量的 Mn 2+浓度密切相关。这种良好的相关性表明Mn 2+浓度可用作钢腐蚀的代表。该推荐程序已被证明可以为地层水源演化分析以及基于采出水成分和非理想数据的水垢和腐蚀管理改进提供重要信息。

更新日期:2022-08-30
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