Objective: 

Throughout the years, several myths have arisen suggesting that children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders possess unusually high abilities in specific domains, depending on the disorder. On the other hand, special skills and talents in children with neurodevelopmental disorders are most commonly overshadowed by their difficulties and overlooked. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the association between giftedness and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods: 

The related articles published in PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and Embase up to December 31, 2020, as well as their reference lists, were reviewed systematically.

Results: 

A total of 6069 studies were scanned, and 32 of them (9904 subjects) were deemed eligible for this systematic review. Studies have supported associations between autism spectrum disorders and music ability. Contradictory results have been published regarding associations between giftedness, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and specific learning disorders. Diagnostic methods seemed to modify associations between giftedness and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Conclusion: 

The dearth of the available evidence is prominent. More research is needed to investigate the field of dual exceptionality. Longitudinal studies are needed, addressing methodological challenges pertaining to variability in the definition of giftedness.

中文翻译：

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儿童和青少年的天赋和神经发育障碍：系统评价

客观的： 

多年来，出现了一些误区，表明被诊断患有神经发育障碍的儿童在特定领域具有异常高的能力，具体取决于障碍。另一方面，患有神经发育障碍的儿童的特殊技能和才能最常被其困难所掩盖并被忽视。本系统综述的目的是检查天赋与神经发育障碍之间的关联。

方法： 

对截至2020年12月31日在PubMed、Google Scholar、PsycINFO和Embase上发表的相关文章及其参考文献列表进行了系统回顾。

结果： 

总共扫描了 6069 项研究，其中 32 项（9904 名受试者）被认为符合本次系统评价的条件。研究支持自闭症谱系障碍和音乐能力之间的关联。关于天赋、注意力缺陷/多动障碍和特定学习障碍之间的关联，已经发表了相互矛盾的结果。诊断方法似乎改变了天赋与神经发育障碍之间的关联。

结论： 

现有证据的缺乏是很突出的。需要更多的研究来调查双重例外领域。需要进行纵向研究，解决与天赋定义的可变性有关的方法学挑战。