Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are prohibited from being produced and used. However, they remain in the agricultural environment and are transferred to crops. In addition, PFOA is classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. To fully understand the exposure and risk of PFOA and PFOS for human in crops, a residue survey and estimation of dietary exposure assessment are needed. Therefore, we investigated the residues of PFOA and PFOS in upland soil and cultivated root crops. The average residues of PFOA and PFOS in the soil were < 0.054–0.541 μg kg–1 and 0.024–0.111 μg kg–1, and 0.067–0.193 μg kg–1 and < 0.02 μg kg–1 in the crops, respectively. The average PFOA residues were higher than PFOS in the soil and crops. The estimated daily intakes of PFOA and PFOS in the crops were 0.284 ng kgbw–1 day–1 and 0.023 ng kgbw–1 day–1, and the estimated hazard quotients were 0.355 and 0.013, respectively. In addition, the excess cancer risk of PFOA was calculated to be 1.99 × 10–8. Thus, the non–carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of PFOA and PFOS were not notable from the surveyed residues in the crops. However, the risks may be higher when the residues in other food crops are considered.

中文翻译：

---

从农业土壤和农作物残留调查来看，块根作物中全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟磺酸（PFOS）的膳食风险评估

全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）是禁止生产和使用的持久性有机污染物（POPs）。但是，它们仍留在农业环境中并转移到农作物中。此外，PFOA 被归类为可能对人类致癌。为了充分了解人类在作物中的 PFOA 和 PFOS 暴露和风险，需要对膳食暴露评估进行残留调查和估算。因此，我们调查了高地土壤和栽培块根作物中 PFOA 和 PFOS 的残留量。土壤中 PFOA 和 PFOS 的平均残留量分别为 < 0.054-0.541 μg kg-1 和 0.024-0.111 μg kg-1，作物中的平均残留量分别为 0.067-0.193 μg kg-1 和 < 0.02 μg kg-1。土壤和农作物中 PFOA 的平均残留量高于 PFOS。作物中 PFOA 和 PFOS 的估计每日摄入量为 0.284 ng kgbw–1 day–1 和 0.023 ng kgbw–1 day–1，估计的危害商分别为 0.355 和 0.013。此外，PFOA 的超额癌症风险计算为 1.99 × 10-8。因此，PFOA 和 PFOS 的非致癌和致癌风险在调查的农作物残留物中并不显着。然而，当考虑到其他粮食作物的残留物时，风险可能会更高。