Individuals with primary immunodeficiency (PIDD) experience not only infectious complications but also immune dysregulation leading to autoimmunity, inflammation, and lymphoproliferative manifestations. Management of these complications often requires treatment with additional immunosuppressive medications, which pose an additional risk of infectious complications. Immunosuppression in individuals with PIDD therefore requires careful assessment and consideration of risks and benefits. Medications should be closely monitored, and strategies for risk mitigation of adverse events considered, such as exposure reduction, appropriate vaccination, use of antibiotics/antivirals, and optimization of immunoglobulin replacement therapy. In a subset of individuals who are not tolerating immune modulation or experiencing disease progression despite appropriate interventions, hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation is a management option.

原发性免疫缺陷 (PIDD) 患者不仅会出现感染性并发症，还会出现免疫失调，从而导致自身免疫、炎症和淋巴组织增生性表现。这些并发症的处理通常需要使用额外的免疫抑制药物进行治疗，这会增加感染并发症的风险。因此，PIDD 患者的免疫抑制需要仔细评估和考虑风险和收益。应密切监测药物，并考虑降低不良事件风险的策略，例如减少暴露、适当接种疫苗、使用抗生素/抗病毒药物以及优化免疫球蛋白替代疗法。