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Detrital zircon geochronology and related evidence from clastic sediments in the Kyrenia Range, N Cyprus: Implications for the Mesozoic-Cenozoic erosional history and tectonics of southern Anatolia
Earth-Science Reviews ( IF 12.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104167
Guohui Chen , Alastair H.F. Robertson , Fu-Yuan Wu

Triassic to Pleistocene sandstones of the Kyrenia Range, N Cyprus provide an exceptional repository of the erosional history of Anatolia. The Kyrenia Range features several different tectonic hypotheses concerning the Eastern Mediterranean region, which are tested here using a combination of new and recently published detrital zircon geochronology, zircon trace-element data and hafnium isotopic data. Minimum detrital zircon ages refine the ages of several formations in the Kyrenia Range. The new data also provide insights into sediment provenance including far-removed sources of Upper Paleozoic zircons, within-plate versus subduction-related sources (e.g., rift; oceanic/continental arc/ophiolite) and Neogene collision-related magmatism. Facies and paleocurrent data indicate a major switch in clastic sediment input from generally southwards to westwards during the Oligocene, which was mainly controlled by the collision of the Arabian promontory with Anatolia, leaving the S Neotethys as an isolated deep-water basin.

The U-Pb zircon age profiles indicate a prominent Late Neoproterozoic population, together with Carboniferous, Permian, Late Cretaceous and Miocene-aged clusters. Pan-African and Grenvillian-aged zircons were ultimately derived from Cadomian continental basement. Basement that rifted from Gondwana during the Triassic later became sources of detritus within Anatolia to the north. Devonian-Carboniferous zircons were originally supplied by active continental margin magmatism in southern Eurasia (Pontides) or northern Gondwana (Afyon zone of the Anatolides). The proposed explanation is that detrital zircons were sequentially recycled, first to Upper Carboniferous-earliest Permian turbidites (within the Afyon zone to the east), later to Mid-Upper Triassic alluvium and turbidites (within the Taurides to the south), and finally to Triassic-Paleogene clastic sediments as now preserved in the Kyrenia Range. Upper Cretaceous zircons were derived from continental arc granitoids, oceanic arc and/or ophiolitic rocks and related metamorphic rocks, generally to the north of the Kyrenia Range. Paleogene zircons mainly represent late-stage continental margin arc magmatism in SE Turkey. During the Oligocene, the switch from mainly southward sediment supply to mainly westward sediment supply represents dominant input from the S Neotethyan suture zone in SE Turkey. Miocene zircons were mainly derived from post-collisional volcanics in SE Turkey. Paleoriver drainage systems in central/southeast Anatolia largely existed by the Late Miocene in response to collision-related surface uplift, in turn strongly influencing Miocene-Pleistocene zircon provenance in sub-basins within and adjacent to the Kyrenia Range.

The combined zircon data, together with assembled geological evidence, are used to discuss three contrasting tectonic hypotheses for the early Mesozoic-Eocene setting of the Kyrenia Range: (1) locally, in the easternmost Mediterranean (i.e., preferred interpretation); (2) far to the south, on the N African passive margin, and (3) far to the north, along (or near) the Eurasian margin. Overall, the present study exemplifies the diversity and complexity of clastic sediment sources within a developing orogen, with implications for some other regions.



中文翻译:

来自塞浦路斯北部凯里尼亚山脉碎屑沉积物的碎屑锆石年代学和相关证据:对安纳托利亚南部中生代-新生代侵蚀历史和构造的影响

塞浦路斯北部凯里尼亚山脉的三叠纪至更新世砂岩为安纳托利亚的侵蚀历史提供了一个特殊的资料库。凯里尼亚山脉有几个关于东地中海地区的不同构造假说,这些假说在这里使用新的和最近发表的碎屑锆石年代学、锆石微量元素数据和铪同位素数据进行了测试。最小碎屑锆石年龄细化了凯里尼亚山脉中几个地层的年龄。新数据还提供了对沉积物来源的见解,包括上古生界锆石的远距离来源、板块内与俯冲相关来源(例如裂谷;海洋/大陆弧/蛇绿岩)和新近纪碰撞相关的岩浆作用。相和古洋流数据表明,在渐新世期间,碎屑沉积物从总体上向南向西输入发生了重大转变,这主要受阿拉伯海角与安纳托利亚碰撞的控制,使新特提斯半岛成为孤立的深水盆地。

U-Pb 锆石年龄剖面显示了一个突出的晚新元古代种群,以及石炭纪、二叠纪、晚白垩世和中新世年龄的集群。泛非和格伦维尔时代的锆石最终来自卡多姆大陆基底。三叠纪期间从冈瓦纳裂开的地下室后来成为安纳托利亚北部的碎屑源。泥盆纪-石炭纪锆石最初由欧亚大陆南部(庞蒂斯)或冈瓦纳北部(阿纳托利德的阿菲永带)活跃的大陆边缘岩浆作用提供。提出的解释是碎屑锆石被依次回收,首先是上石炭统-最早的二叠纪浊积岩(在东部的阿菲永带内),然后是中上三叠统冲积层和浊积岩(在南部的 Taurides 内),最后是现在保存在凯里尼亚山脉的三叠纪-古近纪碎屑沉积物。上白垩统锆石来自大陆弧花岗岩、洋弧和/或蛇绿岩以及相关的变质岩,通常位于凯里尼亚山脉以北。古近纪锆石主要代表土耳其东南部晚期大陆边缘弧岩浆作用。在渐新世,从主要向南的沉积物供应转变为主要向西的沉积物供应代表了土耳其东南部新特提亚缝合带的主要输入。中新世锆石主要来自土耳其东南部的碰撞后火山岩。安纳托利亚中部/东南部的古河排水系统主要存在于晚中新世,以响应与碰撞相关的地表隆起,进而强烈影响凯里尼亚山脉内和邻近次盆地的中新世-更新世锆石物源。

组合的锆石数据,连同收集的地质证据,用于讨论凯里尼亚山脉早期中生代-始新世环境的三个对比构造假设:(1)局部,在地中海最东端(即首选解释);(2) 远在南边,在北非被动边缘,和 (3) 远在北边,沿(或靠近)欧亚边缘。总体而言,本研究举例说明了发展中造山带内碎屑沉积物来源的多样性和复杂性,并对其他一些地区产生了影响。

更新日期:2022-08-28
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