Topical application of the entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) against Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae is less effective due to larvae hiding in the corn midribs in the field. To control the larvae, the fungi colonize in plant tissues or endophytic fungi are needed. There is no information on the pathogenicity of the endophytic fungi from Indonesia on the development of S. frugiperda. The endophytic fungi isolated from infected-host cadavers from South Sumatra (Indonesia) were identified morphologically and molecularly, and the effect of seed-treated corn seedlings with the fungi on S. frugiperda development was evaluated. The fungal identification was based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Bioassay of the endophytic fungal species in seed-treated young maize was performed against the neonate larvae (hatching within 24 h.) of first instar, and their development was observed. The results of molecular identification showed that the fungal species were Beauveria bassiana of five fungal isolates (WTTJC290521B, WTTJC290521A, JGTP240521A, JGNT300521, and WTTJC260521A) and Metarhizium anisopliae of an isolate (WTTJC260521B). The life span of S. frugiperda fed on leaves of fungal-colonized maize was significantly longer than those fed on leaves of non-colonized maize. The fungal-colonized young maize significantly increased mortality rate of all larval instars than non-colonized one. The last instar larvae mortality treated with B. bassiana (JGTP240521A isolates) (51.33%) was the highest among other treatments and did not significantly differ from each of B. bassiana of WTTJC260521A and WTTJC290521A isolates 45.33% and 44.67%, respectively. Feeding on leaves of fungal-colonized maize significantly decreased the percentage of the last instar larvae development to the pupal stage, the adult emergence, the eggs laid, and the percentage of hatched eggs. This is the first report that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae from South Sumatra (Indonesia) in seed-treated corn seedlings had negative effects on development of S. frugiperda. Finally, these results highlight the potential of endophytic EPFs to protect corn plants against S. frugiperda.

中文翻译：

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种子处理过的玉米幼苗中来自南苏门答腊（印度尼西亚）的内生真菌影响秋粘虫 Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）的发育

昆虫病原真菌 (EPFs) 对草地贪夜蛾（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）幼虫的局部应用效果较差，因为幼虫隐藏在田间的玉米中脉中。为了控制幼虫，需要在植物组织或内生真菌中定殖的真菌。没有关于来自印度尼西亚的内生真菌对 S. frugiperda 发展的致病性的信息。从南苏门答腊岛（印度尼西亚）的感染宿主尸体中分离出的内生真菌在形态学和分子学上进行了鉴定，并评估了用该真菌处理种子的玉米幼苗对 S. frugiperda 发育的影响。真菌鉴定基于形态和分子特征。针对第一龄的新生幼虫（在 24 小时内孵化）进行种子处理的年轻玉米中的内生真菌物种的生物测定，并观察它们的发育。分子鉴定结果表明，真菌种类为5株真菌（WTTJC290521B、WTTJC290521A、JGTP240521A、JGNT300521、WTTJC260521A）的白僵菌和1株绿僵菌（WTTJC260521B）。以真菌定殖玉米叶片为食的 S. frugiperda 的寿命明显长于以非定殖玉米叶片为食的。与未定殖的玉米相比，真菌定殖的年轻玉米显着增加了所有幼虫龄期的死亡率。用 B. bassiana（JGTP240521A 分离株）处理的最后一龄幼虫死亡率（51. 33%）是其他处理中最高的，并且与 WTTJC260521A 和 WTTJC290521A 分离株的 B. bassiana 分别没有显着差异，分别为 45.33% 和 44.67%。以真菌定殖的玉米叶子为食显着降低了最后一龄幼虫发育至蛹期、成虫出苗、产卵和孵化卵的百分比。这是第一次报道来自南苏门答腊（印度尼西亚）的 B. bassiana 和 M. anisopliae 在种子处理的玉米幼苗中对 S. frugiperda 的发育具有负面影响。最后，这些结果突出了内生 EPF 保护玉米植物免受 S. frugiperda 侵害的潜力。以真菌定殖的玉米叶子为食显着降低了最后一龄幼虫发育至蛹期、成虫出苗、产卵和孵化卵的百分比。这是第一次报道来自南苏门答腊（印度尼西亚）的 B. bassiana 和 M. anisopliae 在种子处理的玉米幼苗中对 S. frugiperda 的发育具有负面影响。最后，这些结果突出了内生 EPF 保护玉米植物免受 S. frugiperda 侵害的潜力。以真菌定殖的玉米叶子为食显着降低了最后一龄幼虫发育至蛹期、成虫出苗、产卵和孵化卵的百分比。这是第一次报道来自南苏门答腊（印度尼西亚）的 B. bassiana 和 M. anisopliae 在种子处理的玉米幼苗中对 S. frugiperda 的发育具有负面影响。最后，这些结果突出了内生 EPF 保护玉米植物免受 S. frugiperda 侵害的潜力。