Acute kidney injury is a known clinical risk factor for delirium, an acute cognitive dysfunction that is commonly encountered in the critically ill population. In this comprehensive review of clinical and basic research studies, we detail the epidemiology, clinical implications, pathogenesis, and management strategies of patients with acute kidney injury-associated delirium. Specifically addressed are the pathological roles of endogenous toxin or drug accumulation, acute kidney injury-mediated neuroinflammation, and acute kidney injury-associated volume overload as discrete potential biological mechanisms of the condition. The optimization of clinical contributors and normalization of renal function are reviewed as pragmatic management strategies in addition to potential and emerging therapeutic approaches.

中文翻译：

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急性肾损伤相关性谵妄：临床和病理生理机制综述

急性肾损伤是谵妄的已知临床危险因素，谵妄是危重患者中常见的急性认知功能障碍。在这篇对临床和基础研究的全面回顾中，我们详细介绍了急性肾损伤相关性谵妄患者的流行病学、临床意义、发病机制和管理策略。具体解决了内源性毒素或药物积累、急性肾损伤介导的神经炎症和急性肾损伤相关的容量超负荷作为该病症的离散潜在生物学机制的病理作用。除了潜在的和新兴的治疗方法之外，临床贡献者的优化和肾功能的正常化被视为务实的管理策略。