With the development of cross-fertilisation in various disciplines, flexible wearable sensing technologies have emerged, bringing together many disciplines, such as biomedicine, materials science, control science, and communication technology. Over the past few years, the development of multiple types of flexible wearable devices that are widely used for the detection of human physiological signals has proven that flexible wearable devices have strong biocompatibility and a great potential for further development. These include electronic skin patches, soft robots, bio-batteries, and personalised medical devices. In this review, we present an updated overview of emerging flexible wearable sensor devices for biomedical applications and a comprehensive summary of the research progress and potential of flexible sensors. First, we describe the selection and fabrication of flexible materials and their excellent electrochemical properties. We evaluate the mechanisms by which these sensor devices work, and then we categorise and compare the unique advantages of a variety of sensor devices from the perspective of in vitro and in vivo sensing, as well as some exciting applications in the human body. Finally, we summarise the opportunities and challenges in the field of flexible wearable devices.

中文翻译：

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生物医学应用柔性可穿戴传感器设备综述

随着各学科交叉融合的发展，柔性可穿戴传感技术应运而生，汇集了生物医学、材料科学、控制科学、通信技术等多个学科。过去几年，多种类型的柔性可穿戴设备的发展被广泛用于人体生理信号的检测，证明柔性可穿戴设备具有很强的生物相容性，具有巨大的进一步发展潜力。其中包括电子皮肤贴片、软机器人、生物电池和个性化医疗设备。在这篇综述中，我们对用于生物医学应用的新兴柔性可穿戴传感器设备进行了最新概述，并对柔性传感器的研究进展和潜力进行了全面总结。首先，我们描述了柔性材料的选择和制造及其优异的电化学性能。我们评估这些传感器设备的工作机制，然后从体外和体内传感以及在人体中一些令人兴奋的应用的角度对各种传感器设备的独特优势进行分类和比较。最后我们总结了柔性可穿戴设备领域的机遇和挑战。