Plants inevitably encounter environmental adversities, including abiotic and biotic stresses, which significantly impede plant growth and reduce crop yield. Thus, fine-tuning the fate and function of stress-responsive RNAs is indispensable for plant survival under such adverse conditions. Recently, post-transcriptional RNA modifications have been studied as a potent route to regulate plant gene expression under stress. Among over 160 mRNA modifications identified to date, N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) in mRNAs is notable because of its multifaceted roles in plant development and stress response. Recent transcriptome-wide mapping has revealed the distribution and patterns of m⁶A in diverse stress-responsive mRNAs in plants, building a foundation for elucidating the molecular link between m⁶A and stress response. Moreover, the identification and characterization of m⁶A writers, readers and erasers in Arabidopsis and other model crops have offered insights into the biological roles of m⁶A in plant abiotic stress responses. Here, we review the recent progress of research on mRNA modifications, particularly m⁶A, and their dynamics, distribution, regulation and biological functions in plant stress responses. Further, we posit potential strategies for breeding stress-tolerant crops by engineering mRNA modifications and propose the future direction of research on RNA modifications to gain a much deeper understanding of plant stress biology.

中文翻译：

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控制植物胁迫反应的表观转录组 mRNA 修饰：潜在机制和潜在应用

植物不可避免地会遇到环境逆境，包括非生物和生物胁迫，这会严重阻碍植物生长并降低作物产量。因此，微调应激反应 RNA 的命运和功能对于植物在这种不利条件下的生存是必不可少的。最近，转录后 RNA 修饰已被研究作为在胁迫下调节植物基因表达的有效途径。在迄今为止鉴定的 160 多种 mRNA 修饰中，mRNA 中的 N ⁶ -甲基腺苷 (m ⁶ A) 因其在植物发育和胁迫反应中的多方面作用而引人注目。最近的全转录组映射揭示了 m ^{6的分布和模式}植物中多种应激反应 mRNA 中的 A，为阐明 m ⁶ A 与应激反应之间的分子联系奠定了基础。此外，拟南芥和其他模式作物中 m ⁶ A 写入器、读取器和擦除器的鉴定和表征提供了对 m ⁶ A 在植物非生物胁迫反应中的生物学作用的深入了解。^{在此，我们就mRNA修饰，特别是m 6}的研究进展做一综述。A，以及它们在植物胁迫反应中的动态、分布、调控和生物学功能。此外，我们提出了通过工程化 mRNA 修饰来培育抗逆性作物的潜在策略，并提出了 RNA 修饰研究的未来方向，以更深入地了解植物逆境生物学。