Abstract

The electrical retention of charged dispersed contaminants on an electrofilter loaded with electrically conductive and non-conductive dispersed particles (ion-exchange resin KU-2-8 and clinoptilolite) was experimentally studied. The used model dispersed contaminant was an anion-exchange resin, whose surface charge sign was opposite to the load charge. The studies were performed in the potentiostatic regime at an interelectrode voltage ranged from 5 to 90 V. At the same time, the current–time dependence was measured at different loads and electrolyte concentrations. The character of dependence between the water purification degree and the electrical field intensity, the water or electrolyte flow rate through the electrofilter, and the concentration of used electrolyte solutions was analyzed. Clinoptilolite was shown to provide the same degree of water purification from dispersed contaminants as for the cation-exchange resin, but at a slightly lower current and a voltage higher by several times. Hence, the purification of water from dispersed impurities on an electrofilter loaded with ion-exchange resin particles was more profitable from the viewpoint of energy consumption as compared to clinoptilolite. The dependence of the electrical field distribution in the electrofilter on the electrical conductivity of a load and its effect on the electrophoresis and dipolophoresis of load particles at different charge values was theoretically analyzed. The replacement of the electrically conductive load by the non-conductive one was shown to have an effect on the conditions for the transport of contaminant particles to the load surface and the location of a sediment with respect to the hydrodynamic flow and, thereby, on the character and efficiency of their electrical retention on the electrofilter. Taking into account these factors, the load of electrically conductive particles was concluded to have a higher efficiency in good agreement with experimental data.

中文翻译：

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电过滤器负载的导电性对分散杂质净水机理、效率和能耗的影响

摘要

实验研究了负载有导电和非导电分散颗粒（离子交换树脂 KU-2-8 和斜发沸石）的电过滤器上带电分散污染物的电保留。使用的模型分散污染物是阴离子交换树脂，其表面电荷符号与负载电荷相反。这些研究是在 5 至 90 V 范围内的电极间电压下在恒电位状态下进行的。同时，在不同负载和电解质浓度下测量电流-时间依赖性。分析了水净化程度与电场强度、通过电过滤器的水或电解液流量以及使用的电解液浓度之间的依赖性特征。斜发沸石显示提供与阳离子交换树脂相同程度的分散污染物净化水，但电流略低，电压高几倍。因此，从能量消耗的角度来看，与斜发沸石相比，在负载有离子交换树脂颗粒的电过滤器上从分散的杂质中净化水更有利可图。从理论上分析了电过滤器中电场分布对负载电导率的依赖性及其对不同电荷值负载粒子电泳和偶极电泳的影响。用非导电负载代替导电负载被证明对污染物颗粒传输到负载表面的条件和沉积物相对于流体动力流动的位置有影响，从而对它们在电过滤器上的电保留特性和效率。考虑到这些因素，得出的结论是导电颗粒的负载具有更高的效率，与实验数据非常吻合。