The Philippine archipelago hosts an exceptional diversity of murid rodents that have diversified following several independent colonization events. Here, we report the discovery of a new species of rodent from Mt. Kampalili on eastern Mindanao Island. Molecular and craniodental analyses reveal this species as a member of a Philippine “New Endemic” clade consisting of Tarsomys, Limnomys, and Rattus everetti (tribe Rattini). This new species of “shrew-mouse” is easily distinguished from its relatives in both craniodental and external characteristics including a long, narrow snout; small eyes and ears; short, dark, dense fur dorsally and ventrally; stout body with a tapering, visibly haired tail shorter than head and body length; stout forepaws; bulbous and nearly smooth braincase; narrow, tapering rostrum; short incisive foramina; slender mandible; and narrow, slightly opisthodont incisors. This new genus and species of murid rodent illustrates that murids of the tribe Rattini have exhibited greater species and morphological diversification within the Philippines than previously known and provides evidence that Mt. Kampalili represents a previously unrecognized center of mammalian endemism on Mindanao Island that is deserving of conservation action.

中文翻译：

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来自菲律宾棉兰老岛东部新特有中心的鼩鼠类新属新种（鼠类：鼠科）

菲律宾群岛拥有异常多样化的鼠类啮齿动物，这些啮齿动物在几次独立的殖民活动后变得多样化。在这里，我们报告了在棉兰老岛东部的 Kampalili 山发现了一种新的啮齿动物。分子和颅齿分析表明该物种是菲律宾“新地方病”进化枝的成员，该进化枝由 Tarsomys、Limnomys 和 Rattus everetti（部落 Rattini）组成。这种新的“鼩鼱鼠”在颅齿和外部特征上很容易与它的近亲区分开来，包括长而窄的鼻子；小眼睛和耳朵；背侧和腹侧短、深色、浓密的毛皮；粗壮的身体，尾巴逐渐变细，毛发明显，短于头和身长；粗壮的前爪；球状且几乎光滑的脑壳；狭窄，逐渐变细的讲台；短切牙孔；细长的下颌骨；和狭窄的，略微反齿的门牙。这种鼠类啮齿动物的新属和种表明，Rattini 部落的鼠科动物在菲律宾的物种和形态多样性比以前已知的要多，并提供证据表明 Mt. Kampalili 代表了棉兰老岛以前未被认可的哺乳动物特有中心，值得保护保护行动。