Polypyrrole (PPy) has aroused great interest due to its excellent physicochemical properties in recent years, especially in the area of electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA). A large number of researches have shown that the regulation of micromorphology has great influence on the EMA performance. Compared with other micromorphology, the hollow structure can significantly promote the EMA performance. In this study, we fabricated hollow PPy (HPPy) nanorods using self-assembly template that can be removed easily. The results show that the dielectric constant of HPPy can be controllably adjusted by tuning the wall thickness, and the HPPy exhibits better EMA performance than the shapeless PPy. Specifically, the minimum reflection loss (RL) can reach − 54.94 dB, and the largest effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reaches 7.36 GHz under filler loading ratio of 10 wt%. Impedance matching and multiple scattering are considered to be major factors for the improvement of EMA property. This research gives a general method for the preparation of novel hollow electromagnetic absorbing materials.

聚吡咯（PPy）由于其优异的物理化学性质近年来引起了人们的极大兴趣，特别是在电磁波吸收（EMA）领域。大量研究表明，微形态的调控对EMA性能有很大影响。与其他微形貌相比，中空结构可以显着提升EMA性能。在这项研究中，我们使用可轻松移除的自组装模板制造了空心 PPy (HPPy) 纳米棒。结果表明，HPPy的介电常数可以通过调整壁厚来可控地调节，并且HPPy表现出比无定形PPy更好的EMA性能。具体来说，最小反射损耗（RL）可以达到-54.94 dB，最大有效吸收带宽（EAB）达到7。36 GHz，填料负载率为 10 wt%。阻抗匹配和多重散射被认为是提高EMA性能的主要因素。本研究为新型中空电磁吸波材料的制备提供了通用方法。