Relying on the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and microfluidic technology, an immunosensor chip with high bioactivity was designed for sensitive determination of cytokeratin 19 fragment 21–1 (CYFRA 21–1). The mesoporous nanomaterial Fe₃O₄@Cu@Cu₂O as the co-reaction accelerator was used to catalyze the S₂O₈²⁻ to produce more SO₄^•− to achieve the amplification of the ECL signal. In fact, the generating of SO₄^•− could not only be done with the aid of the reversible cycles of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ and Cu⁺ and Cu²⁺, but could be achieved also through the catalase-like function of Fe₃O₄. What is more, it has also been proved that Fe₃O₄@Cu@Cu₂O exhibited better catalytic performance than single Fe₃O₄, Cu₂O, and Cu@Cu₂O, which supported its application in this system. In addition, a portable microfluidic immunosensor chip for CYFRA 21–1-sensitive determination was assembled, which showed high selectivity, sensitivity, and strong universality in clinical cancer screening and diagnosis. It should be noted that HWRGWVC (HWR) was introduced as the antibody fixator to improve the incubation and binding efficiency of the antibody, which increased the ECL intensity and improved the sensitivity of the immunosensor. This strategy provided a new idea for cancer identification and diagnosis in clinical medicine.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

---

引入 Fe3O4@Cu@Cu2O 的高生物活性微流控免疫传感平台用于 CYFRA 21-1 的电化学发光测定

依托电化学发光（ECL）和微流控技术，设计了一种具有高生物活性的免疫传感器芯片，用于灵敏测定细胞角蛋白19片段21-1（CYFRA 21-1）。以介孔纳米材料Fe ₃ O ₄ @Cu@Cu ₂ O 作为共反应促进剂，催化S ₂ O ₈ ^2-产生更多的SO ₄ ^•-以实现ECL信号的放大。事实上，SO ₄ ^•-的生成不仅可以借助 Fe ²⁺和 Fe ³⁺和 Cu ⁺和 Cu ^{2+的可逆循环来完成}，但也可以通过 Fe ₃ O ₄的类过氧化氢酶功能来实现。此外，还证明了Fe ₃ O ₄ @Cu@Cu _{2 O比单一的Fe 3} O ₄、Cu ₂ O和Cu@Cu ₂表现出更好的催化性能。O，支持其在本系统中的应用。此外，还组装了一种用于CYFRA 21-1敏感测定的便携式微流控免疫传感器芯片，在临床癌症筛查和诊断中表现出较高的选择性、敏感性和较强的普适性。需要注意的是，HWRGWVC (HWR) 作为抗体固定剂被引入以提高抗体的孵育和结合效率，从而增加了 ECL 强度并提高了免疫传感器的灵敏度。该策略为临床医学中的癌症识别和诊断提供了新思路。

图形概要