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Host translesion polymerases are required for viral genome integrity
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-10 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203203119
Sebastian Zeltzer 1 , Pierce Longmire 2, 3 , Marek Svoboda 4 , Giovanni Bosco 4 , Felicia Goodrum 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Human cells encode up to 15 DNA polymerases with specialized functions in chromosomal DNA synthesis and damage repair. In contrast, complex DNA viruses, such as those of the herpesviridae family, encode a single B-family DNA polymerase. This disparity raises the possibility that DNA viruses may rely on host polymerases for synthesis through complex DNA geometries. We tested the importance of error-prone Y-family polymerases involved in translesion synthesis (TLS) to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. We find most Y-family polymerases involved in the nucleotide insertion and bypass of lesions restrict HCMV genome synthesis and replication. In contrast, other TLS polymerases, such as the polymerase ζ complex, which extends past lesions, was required for optimal genome synthesis and replication. Depletion of either the polζ complex or the suite of insertion polymerases demonstrate that TLS polymerases suppress the frequency of viral genome rearrangements, particularly at GC-rich sites and repeat sequences. Moreover, while distinct from HCMV, replication of the related herpes simplex virus type 1 is impacted by host TLS polymerases, suggesting a broader requirement for host polymerases for DNA virus replication. These findings reveal an unexpected role for host DNA polymerases in ensuring viral genome stability.

中文翻译:

病毒基因组完整性需要宿主转位聚合酶

人类细胞编码多达 15 种在染色体 DNA 合成和损伤修复中具有特殊功能的 DNA 聚合酶。相反,复杂的 DNA 病毒,例如疱疹病毒科的病毒,编码单个 B 家族 DNA 聚合酶。这种差异增加了 DNA 病毒可能依赖宿主聚合酶通过复杂的 DNA 几何形状进行合成的可能性。我们测试了易错 Y 家族聚合酶参与转位合成 (TLS) 对人巨细胞病毒 (HCMV) 感染的重要性。我们发现大多数参与核苷酸插入和绕过病变的 Y 家族聚合酶限制 HCMV 基因组的合成和复制。相比之下,其他 TLS 聚合酶,例如延伸到损伤处的聚合酶 ζ 复合物,是最佳基因组合成和复制所必需的。polζ 复合物或插入聚合酶组的耗尽表明 TLS 聚合酶抑制病毒基因组重排的频率,特别是在富含 GC 的位点和重复序列。此外,虽然与 HCMV 不同,相关的 1 型单纯疱疹病毒的复制受宿主 TLS 聚合酶的影响,这表明 DNA 病毒复制对宿主聚合酶有更广泛的要求。这些发现揭示了宿主 DNA 聚合酶在确保病毒基因组稳定性方面的意想不到的作用。表明对 DNA 病毒复制的宿主聚合酶有更广泛的要求。这些发现揭示了宿主 DNA 聚合酶在确保病毒基因组稳定性方面的意想不到的作用。表明对 DNA 病毒复制的宿主聚合酶有更广泛的要求。这些发现揭示了宿主 DNA 聚合酶在确保病毒基因组稳定性方面的意想不到的作用。
更新日期:2022-08-10
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